62 THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
[JANn. 28, 
limit the amount issued in the manner described in their 
memorial, and that all other issuers of paper should be 
liable to take up the paper money they issue in the na~ 
tional paper, in the same manner as their issues are now 
redeemable in Bank of England paper. The national 
paper thus limited could not exceed the amount of the 
claims which Government have upon the nation ; and the 
Government, being bound to take back this paper in dis- 
charge of taxes, would insure to the holders of the paper 
the same quantum of value which it cost the holder to 
obtain.” 
Boscastle.—We are happy to find that the crew of the 
Jessie Logan, whose wreck was reported in our last, are 
safe, and have arrived at Cork in the Lynx, from Mes- 
sina. The Jessie Logan left Calcutta on September 4th, 
and on the 13th inst. was struck by a heavy sea, which 
carried away bulwarks and poop, stove in her stern, swept 
the decks, broke the pumps, sprung foremasts, and carried 
away all her sails. The cook was drowned in the fore- 
castle, the carpenter and two men were much injured. 
On the 15th, the Lynx bore down for them, and took 
them all on board. At the time she was abandoned she 
had 13 feet of water in her hold. Soon after the Jessie 
Logan drove on the rocks and became a wreck, another 
vessel, called the Elizabeth Aletta, was driven by the hur- 
ricane upon the sands at Cruckington Haven, six miles 
.E. of Boscastle Harbour, where, in the course of an 
hour, she was totaily lost, and all on board perished. A 
party of the Coast Guard saw the vessel come ashore, and 
the crew take to the rigging, where they remained but a 
short period, for on the vessel striking the sands, her 
masts were started and fell overboard, carrying with them 
the crew, none of whom were seen alive afterwards. 
They were supposed to consist of 11 seamen, with 
the master. 
Bristol. Among the other disasters in the Bristol 
Channel during the late storm, the papers announce the 
loss of the ship Lily, of 600 tons, belonging to Liverpool. 
She was on her passage to the coast of Africa, and was 
driven on the Taunton Sands with two other vessels in the 
hurricane of Friday week. The crew lashed themselves to 
the rigging, and were saved by a vessel called the Apple- 
dore, which bore down to their assistance. The ship went 
to pieces during the following morning, and severe conflicts 
arose between the Coast Guard and the wreckers, who 
plundered the cargo to a great extent. 
Buckingham.—The sixth annual meeting of the Con- 
servative Association of Bucking} e neight 
ing districts took place on Tuesday. The anniversary was 
celebrated by a public dinner in the Town-hall, which was 
appropriately arranged and decorated for the purpose. 
The Duke of Buckingham presided, supported by a large 
number of the gentlemen of the county. After the rou- 
tine toasts, Dr. Marsham, Warden of Merton College, 
spoke at great length on the Anti-Corn-law League. 
said, if well governed (as he had no doubt England would 
be, under Sir R. Peel), this country had power to defy the 
whole world. It had the largest population, looking to 
Asia, Africa, America, and Europe, that had ever been 
under the sway of any empire; and, if the country were 
properly governed, it had the power to defy all the world, 
and live in peace and happiness. They say that the 
utmost that the kingdom produces is 16,000,000 quarters 
of corn annually ; and that as the population amounts to 
26,000,000, and as it is necessary that every man should 
have one quarter of corn annually to live on, they infer 
that 10,000,000 people are starving. But this is not the 
ease: they forget that 5,000,000 live on oatmeal, and 
more than 5,000,000 rejoice in potatoes. Put these 
together, and it will be found communibus annis, that the 
Kingdom does in fact support its population, and without 
much distress. He knew it was said that it was a good 
maxim ‘‘to buy in the cheapest and sell in the dearest 
market.” This was a maxim which he confessed he did 
not like. He knew he should be told that nothing was 
more’ foolish than to prefer one’s own countrymen to 
others. It might be said, why should a man like any- 
body but his own dear self? But one cannot help 
doing so, and he declared that he would rather lay out 
1s. with Mr. Cobden, bitter enemy as he was to the agri- 
culturists, than with any Frenchman or other foreigner, 
because he knew that if 113d. out of that shilling went 
into Mr. Cobden’s pocket, helping to make him a million- 
aire, the other halfpenny went into the pocket of some other 
person, and that other person was his (Dr. Marsham’s) 
countryman. Sir Thomas Fremantle returned thanks for 
the toast in honour of Her Majesty’s Ministers. He said 
that from the private and personal communications which 
he necessarily had with Ministers, officially and otherwise, 
from time to time, he felt assured that in all their measures 
they look only to the promotion of the interests of the 
country in the most extended and beneficial sense. They 
are aware that many of their measures must be in the first 
instance misunderstood—that the first effect of those 
measures must be to.produce some individual suffering ; but 
if time be given them to mature their measures, afd to give 
to them their full scope and effect, they do hope and trust 
that those measures will ultimately be found conducive to 
the real benefit and ‘prosperity of the country—to the 
prosperity of the agricultural, not less than of the com- 
mercial interest. - E. Dayrell then proposed the 
health of the Conservative members of both Houses of 
Parliament. He said it was useless to attempt to dis- 
guise that there did prevail amongst them a difference of 
opinion with respect to some recent measures of the Govern- 
ment ; and, however much he might desire not to touch 
upon such topics, or to run the risk of interrupting the 
harmony of the meeting, still he thought that when the 
meeting of Parliament was so near at hand they ought not 
to allow it to go forth that all had passed off with perfect 
® 
unanimity on that occasion, as far as their approval of those 
measures of the Government was in question. o man 
had more respect than he had for the talents of Ministers 
—no man felt more than he did the difficulties of their 
position ; but at the same time, he contended, they were 
bound to let them know what their real sentiments were; 
and if they felt that mischief had been brought about by 
their measures, they were bound feelingly to speak their 
opinions, and not ‘allow that unanimity to be inferred 
which they knew did not exist. He remembered that, on 
a former occasion in that hall, the advent of the present 
Ministers to power was looked upon as the panacea for 
every evil, and the harbinger of eyery good. How had 
those expectations been realized? If they thought they 
had been disappointed, should they not be candid and 
straightforward enough to say so? Ifthey did not speak 
out they would not deserve the remedy which, by perse- 
yerance, they would otherwise attain, All he would hope 
was, that they would in future look most narrowly into the 
course pursued by Ministers, and endeavour so to shape it 
as to secure the advantage of the agricultural interest. 
The Earl of Orkney returned thanks. He had been one 
of the unfortunate minority of 17 which had opposed the 
Ministerial measures just alluded to, and he could prove, 
if necessary, that these measures, now that they had 
passed, had fully borne out the expectations which those 
17 entertained of it. He had just come from Scotland, 
and it was of no use mincing the matter as to the effect of 
these measures on the agricultural interest there. One- 
third of the agricultural property of Scotland was gone to 
the winds. The effect of free trade would be to throw all 
the ‘* poor” land out of cultivation, Speaking of Scot- 
land, he could say that land which was now growing a very 
decent quantity of corn, would, if those principles were 
carried out, only growa decent quantity of grouse. If we 
drew our supplies from abroad, and threw our own land 
out of cultivation, this country would, before three years 
were over, become a province of France or Russia. After 
some general arguments against free trade opinions, the 
noble Lord went on to say, that next session he should 
give his yotes independently and honestly, and he would 
say he had that confidence in Ministers to believe that, if 
if they were to see that they had gone too far, they would 
have the courage to retract. Mr. C. S. Murray and the 
Hon. Capt. Fitzmaurice returned thanks for the toast of 
“The Members of the County,’’ proposed by Col. Hall. 
Sir T. Fremantle acknowledged a similar compliment paid 
to the Members for the borough. He particularly adverted 
to Lord Orkney’s statement that one-third of the property 
in Scotland was already confiscated, and that if we went 
on as we were now going on, we should be a province of 
France. He certainly thought his noble friend bad shown 
in his speech, that, to quote the words of the song, he was 
“royally fresh.’ We denied the statement that the 
depieciation of prices in the agricultural districts was 
attributable to the measures adopted in the last Parlia- 
ment. Such political economy, in his opinion, savoured 
of after-dinner eloquence. If the manufacturing interest 
had been languishing for the last 12 months, and if the 
artisans had been turned out from their work for a con- 
siderable time, was it extraordinary that, when the extent 
of consumption had been thereby diminished, the agricul- 
turist was not able to get so good prices as heretofore 
In considering this subject, the state of the revenue might 
be referred to. He lamented that the Customs and the 
Excise had fallen off; but was not that circumstance an 
indication of a want of power on the part of the people 
to purchase or consumé? Was it to be wondered at 
that the people were unable to purchase corn when 
they were unable to purchase sugar and other articles? 
Sir J. Chetwode proposed the health of the chairman, 
the Duke of Buckingham. In returning thanks his 
Grace said, ‘“‘The topics of this evening have been so 
varied and so ably entered into on all sides, that for me 
again to enter on them would only be going over beaten 
ground. As J have had already the honour to say often, 
and more recently at a dinner of a Conservative associa- 
tion in this county, I still hold the opinion which 1 have 
always maintained, and which, by the blessing of God, I 
will continue to maintain to the grave. I sball content 
myself now with expressing my fervent and zealous deter- 
mination to maintain those feelings and opinions which I 
have always expressed, and with assuring you that you 
will always find in me a faithful advocate—one prepared 
to maintain, to the utmost of his power, the agricultural 
interest of the United Kingdom: I have little doubt that 
the members for this county will do their duty. I trust 
that they will steadily maintain their position, and resist 
any furtherfattempt—if such an attempt should be made 
—to interfere with the rights and privileges of the agri- 
cultural interest. The time is now come for the Govern- 
ment of the Queen to take their ground. I think they 
have done wrong in the course they have taken with re- 
gard to agriculture, and I think also we are entitled to 
call on them to stand steady where they are, to maintain 
the ground on which they are now placed, and not to give 
way one jot further. As your neighbour, and as a private 
country gentleman, I can now do no more than act 
heartily with you hereafter on every occasion. You will 
find me most zealous for your interésts, and also in m. 
endeavours to promote the employment of the labouring 
population whenever it is in my power, and so long as 
exist, whatever may be said of me for holding the honest 
opinions which I avow I hold, you will never find me 
flinch from doing my duty to myself, to my Queen, and 
to my country.” Several toasts were then given, includ- 
ing “ The Mayor, Aldermen, and Town Council of Buck- 
ingham,”’ ‘The British Farmer, and success to Agricul- 
ture,” and other appropriate toasts. 
Caermarthen,—We have already noticed the lawless 
p di in the neighbourhood of St. Clear’s, and the 
march of a party of marines from Milford in search of the 
rioters, called ‘“* Rebecca and her daughters,’’ We now 
learn that the troops have arrived at the spot, and that the 
reward for the apprehension of the offenders has been 
increased from 50/. to.1007. Notwithstanding these pre- 
cautions, on Monday night the rioters sent a message to 
the marines, that they were about to pay a visit to the 
gates, and that they should be glad to meet them. Between 
3 and 4 in the morning a detachment of marines, accom~ 
panied by four officers, set out for the gates, to ascertain 
if the men intended carrying their threat into execution. 
When they arrived at Trevaughan-gate, it was found to 
have been levelled to the ground, and part of the toll- 
house destroyed. Not one of the rioters, however, was 
to be seen, as they had dispersed in different directions 
after they had levelled the gates. On each of these ex- 
cursions the mob, consisting of a large number of men 
and boys, all of them well mounted, most of them dressed 
in women’s clothes, and armed with guns, pistols, pitch- 
forks, hay-knives, reaping-hooks, crowbars, or some other 
weapon, are invariably headed by Rebecca, who is de- 
scribed as being a strong tall man, well disguised, and 
having unlimited authority over the rest of the party. 
The farmers in the neighbourhood have refused to be 
sworn in as special constables, and many of them have 
paid the fine of 5/. for such refusal. The peasantry of 
that part of the county appear to be ina state of great 
excitement, and it is feared that the affair will not be ter- 
minated without the effusion of blood. 
Carlisle.— About a fortnight since, a fire broke out at 
Netherby Hall, the seat of Sir James Graham, which, 
but for the successful exertions of those on the spot, 
might have been attended with disastrous results, About 
six o’clock three female servants, the only occupants of 
the house, were alarmed by the appearance of dense 
smoke in the room they occupied, and on proceeding to 
ascertain whence it issued, discovered that the carved 
wood-work of the hall was in flames. They immediately 
communicated the fact to the gardener, who was not far 
distant from the house, and he at once proceeded to the 
scene of the fire, taking with him a small engine used in 
watering the garden. With this apparently insignificant 
apparatus, and aided only by his three assistants, he suc- 
ceeded, after considerable exertion, in putting out the fire 
before it had made much progress, 
Liverpool.—For some time past, the magistrates have 
been occupied with prosecutions for Sabbath-breaking, 
which have excited a good deal ofattention in the town. The 
first caseinvestigated was that of a personcalled Shepherd,a 
newsvender in the Vauxhall-road, who had been summoned 
ona charge of having his shop open for the sale of the 
Lendon journals and other publications on the preceding 
Sunday. This was the third occasion, during as many 
weeks, on which he had been summoned on a similar 
charge. On the two former occasions he had been fined 
in the penalty of 5s. for each offence, but on both he in- 
formed the court that it was impossible for him to meet 
the demands of his customers unless his shop were open 
on the Sunday; that he was determined to keep it open, 
even though he should thereby subject himself to a 5s, 
penalty for every infraction of the act during the next 
twelve months. Mr. Rushton, while he admitted the 
justness of this line of reasoning, declared, at the same time, 
that he had only to deal with such cases as might happen to 
be brought before him, and that as infractions of the Act 
had taken place, he must again fine him. Mr. Shepherd, 
in the meantime, wishing to bring the subject more at 
large before the public, had summonses served upon 
William Spence, the mayor’s coachman, for having driven 
his worship to and from church on Sunday ; and also upon 
Mr. Jones, the master of the Exchange; Mr. Hughes, 
the master of the Lyceeum ; and Mr. Griffiths, the master 
of the Atheneum news-rooms ; for having had their pre- 
mises open for public amusement and instruction upon 
Sunday last. The case of the mayor’s coachman was first 
considered : the town-clerk, who appeared on his behalf, 
contended that neither a stage-coachman nor the coachman 
of a private gentleman came within the meaning of the 
act; and the magistrate, acquiescing in this view, decided 
that the case could not: be sustained. The other cases 
broke down for want of evidence to prove that the parties 
were masters of the establishments. The magistrates 
therefore dismissed the summonses, stating that if the law 
were odious, it was the duty of the public to petition for 
its repeal, and not for any individual to mention its 
odiousness in the presence of the bench ; he thought the 
law was good, inasmuch as it was designed to preserve the 
Sabbath in the way it should be preserved—The receipts 
at the Custom-house at this port, for the year ending the 
5th inst., amount to 3,904,379/., being a decrease, as 
compared with 1841, of 200,514/., and with the preceding 
year, of 702,947, 
Merthyr.—About 3,000 of the Gellygaer and Mon- 
mouthshire colliers proceeded, on the 16th inst., to Mr. 
Powell’s colliery at Duffryn, for the purpose of compel- 
ling the men of those works to strike. ‘The police of the 
district having had timely intimation of the intended 
movement, mustered in strong numbers ; and the mob, 
finding themselves so received, and that the colliers of the 
latter works were disposed to remain at work, very soon 
dispersed. No intimidation or threats were used towards 
the men composing this colliery. On the following morn- 
ing the manager was at his post to receive the workmen. 
Several came in their best clothes, and refused to con- 
tinue their work, assigning no reason. Another meeting 
was held on the 18thinst. by the colliers between Ponta- 
berbargoed and Blackwood. 
Manchester.—The usual weekly meeting of the Anti- 
Corn-law League was held at the Corn Exchange, on the 
