> 
STL 
1843. ] 
THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
379 
silver roubles, for the year 1844, This loan is intended 
to defray the expenses of constructing the railroad from 
St. Petersburg to Moscow. 
Turxny.—Constantinople letters of the 3d ult. men- 
tion that Sarim Effendi, Minister of Foreign Affairs, has 
been dismissed, and replaced by Rifaat Bey, Envoy at 
Vienna. Khosrew Pacha’s accession to power was said 
to have been prevented by Sir Stratford Canning and M. 
Bourqueney, on the ground that he was too Russian, The 
funeral of one of the young Sultanas, daughter of his 
Highness, who died on the 30th April, took place with 
much pomp on the Ist ult., in presence of all the Ministers 
and principal functionaries of the empire. The Turks of 
Bosnia have broken out in insurrection, and made an 
attempt on the fortress of Ostroschatz. They were 
repulsed, but they besieged it and other fortresses, 
demanding that the Pacha and the Arnauts be sent away. 
here is no news from Servia.—One of the Dublin papers 
states that they have seen a letter from India, which con- 
tradicts the report of the murder of Capts. Connolly and 
Lieut. Stodhart, by the barbarians in Bokhara, The 
account comes vid Meshid, and is grounded on letters 
received by certain Jewish houses in that place, but it 
is generally considered to require confirmation. 
Eeyrr.—Letters from Alexandria announce that Mehe- 
met Ali still remained in that city. Ibrahim Pasha con- 
tinued in a precarious state of health at Cairo, which gave 
rise to much speculation as to the consequences which 
might ensue should he die before his father, as Said Pasha, 
the second son, was considered incompetent to govern 
such a country as Egypt. The Augsburg Gazette publishes 
the following improbable story from a letter dated Cairo, 
21st ult., stating that two ships laden with slaves, had 
been captured by British cruizers in the Red Sea, in the 
latitude of Sanaken, and that the captains of the ships had 
been hanged at the mainmast. The two slave ships were 
escorted (the bodies of the two captains still hanging from 
the mainmast) by the British cruizer, and the slaves set 
at liberty. This example is said to have intimidated the 
slave-merchants. 
Unirep Srarrs.—The royal mail-steamer Hibernia 
arrived at Liverpool on Sunday. She sailed from Boston on 
the afternoon of the 16th ult., and Halifax on the evening of 
the 19th, and has made the passage in the remarkably short 
Space of 11 days and 12 hours, the quickest ever made 
between Boston and Liverpool. The Caledonia, from 
Liverpool, for Boston and Halifax, was spoken about half 
way across the Atlantic. The Great Western, ftom Liver- 
pool, arrived at New York on the 12th inst., after a pas- 
Sage of 12 days and 13 hours. Mr. Webster has resigned 
the office of Secretary of State. Mr. Everett having 
declined the mission to China, Mr. Cushing, the gentleman 
who was recently rejected by the Senate as Secretary of the 
Treasury, has been appointed by the President to fill the office. 
A cry for repudiation of the debt of Maryland had been 
raised ; but the more honourable part of the community of 
that state was too strong for the democrats, and the doc- 
trine was no sooner broached than effectually silenced. 
In the letter of a Philadelphia correspondent of the New 
York papers, dated May 15, is the following paragraph :— 
“The keeper of the lighthouse at Thatcher’s Island, Cape 
Ann, saw a board at sea, which afterwards drifted ashore, 
having on it in printed letters, ‘ Steam-ship President.’ ” 
The last Kingston papers mention that Sir C. Bagot had 
Somewhat improved in health, and that Mr. Cholmondeley, 
ormerly on the staff, is on his way to New York, for the 
Purpose of requesting Lord John Hay to take the War- 
Spite to Quebec, as being a more convenient place than 
New York for Sir C, Bagot, in his present condition, to 
embark from. A vessel arrived at New York on the 15th 
April from Carthagena, reports that the Grand Cayman, 
One of the three islands called Caymans, lying between 
Cuba and Jamaica, was sunk by an earthquake ; but more 
Tecent advices, received by H.M.S. Warspite, state that 
there is no foundation for the rumour. Accounts have 
been received that the report of the intended canal across 
the Isthmus of Darien being nearly completed, is incorrect; 
and that the two years allowed the contractor to prepare 
and commence the undertaking have expired without any 
attempt whatever being made toward its fulfilment, 
Braziis.—The Malabar has arrived from Rio, which 
She left on the 4th April. She has brought home the 
Hon. Henry Ellis, the British Envoy to the Brazilian 
Government, the failure of whose negotiations for the 
Yenewal of the commercial treaty has been known for 
Sometime. On the 18th ult., while in full sail, the island 
of Terceira being in sight, though at some distance, the 
alabar appeared suddenly to have grazed a sunken rock. 
She was immediately brought to, but no bottom was found 
With 189 fathoms of line; and it might have been the 
effects of a submarine explosion, thongh this fact will be 
8scertained on her bottom being examined. 
Sanpwicn Isuanps.—Accounts have been received at 
Liverpool, announcirfg that the Sandwich Islands were 
Ceded to the British Crown on the 25th February, and 
Were taken possession of by Lord George Paulet, of Her 
Majesty’s Ship Carysfort, next day.—The New York 
Papers mention the arrival of a small vessel at that port 
from Oahu, which had for part of her cargo 6,100 bags of 
Sugar. “To import sugars,” it adds, ‘‘from the most 
distant Pacific Islands into the United States is a remark- 
able feature in trade. The industry of the people of 
these islands is now very successfully employed in raising 
€ cane, and they will shortly compete with the West 
Indies in supplying a part of the world, atleast, with that 
8reat staple, sugar.” 
AParliament. 
HOUSE OF LORDS. 
‘Tuesday.—After a discussion and division on the Peterborough 
“nd Northampton Railway Bill, the second reading of which was 
adjourned to Thursday, the Marquess of CLANRICARDE called 
attention to the official communication from the Lord Chancellor 
of Ireland to Lord French, and asked if any communication had 
been made to the Irish Government, so that they could be offi- 
cially aware of the opinion of her Majesty on the subject of the 
Repeal of the Union.—The Duke of WenincTon said that gene- 
ral instructions had been given, that all the power and authority 
of the Lord Chancellor and the Irish Government should be 
exerted to discourage the Repeal agitation.—The Marquess of 
CLanricarpeE considered the letter of the Lord Chancellor most 
improper and unfortunate.—The Duke of WeLuineron adyerted 
to the anxiety caused by the agitation in Ireland, and stated that 
the Government had adopted measures to enable the Lord Lieu- 
tenant to preserve the peace, and to adopt all necessary measures 
to preserve the union inviolate. Magistrates ing 
over Repeal meetings, although her Majesty had declared her 
intention of preserving the Union. When it was well known 
to be the intention of the Government to preserve the invio- 
Tability of the Union, the Lord Chancellor had 
formed his bounden duty in endeavouring to suppress ag’ 
—After a few remarks from Lord Glengall, Lord Camprent con- 
demned the Lord Chancellor's letter, and denied that repeal meet- 
ings were necessarily illegal.—After some observations from the 
Earl of CoarteviLieand theEarl of WickLow,the Lorp CAANCKL- 
Lor upheld the course pursued by the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, 
and declared that had he acted otherwise he would have n 
the duty which he owed to his Sove: i 
Correnuam charged the Government with a dereliction of 
duty in having permitted these assemblages, if illegal, to have 
continued so long unrepressed. If these meetings were illegal, 
3 
2 
he proclamation in the letter of Sir E, Sugden was most unfor- 
tunate, for in t 
rfectly legal 
su 
‘french, for any magistrate who attended such 
meetings was not fit to continue in the commission of the peace, 
uess of ChanricArpE moved for the production of 
the letter of the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, which was agreed to. 
Wednesday.—The Royal assent was given by commission to 
several Bills, the greatér part of which were of local interest 
Thursday.—Lord Brovenam brought in a Dill to introduce a 
form of procedure into the law of England, long known and 
practised in the Scotch law. ‘It was what was called i 
land a declaratory action, a proceedin: 
person in possession, and dreading that his title might be dis- 
turbed when evidence in support of it mi e forthcoming 
—or by means of which a person not in possession and wishing 
to ascertain his rights, although no suit was pending between 
the parties—had the means of obtaining a declaratory decree of 
a court, either of law or equity, as the case might be.”—On the 
motion of the Earl of CrareNnpon, the Northampton and Peter- 
borough Railway Bill was read a second time, after some opposi- 
ion fi Earl Firzwituram, B RDWICKE, and 
© majority in favour of the bill was only 1.—The 
Marquess of Lonponperny inquired whether there was any 
prospect of the compensation to the Spanish Auxiliary Legion 
eing soon paid, and was informed that the subject was now 
under discussion between the Government of this ccuntry 
and that of Spain.—Lord Lorron, on presenting a petition 
place in Ireland, in support of the Legislative Union, 
suggested that the best mode restoring tranquillity to 
Ireland would be by calling out the yeomanry of the north, and 
some other places.—Lord CampPseE_t brought up the report of the 
committee on the subjects of defamation and libel. He stated at 
i ength the i of the committee, and 
added that it was his intention to introduce a bill founded on the 
ions of the committee. The report was ordered to 
be printed.—The Earl of ABERDEEN brought in a bill for remoy- 
ing doubts relative to the admission of ministers to benefices in 
Scotland; and stated that on Friday, the 9th inst., he woul: 
move the second reading of the bill, and explain its provisions.— 
Lord Campsrnr 
a 
Courts power to inqu’ 
tion objected to a minister. 
Monday.—Sir G, Cuers, in answer to a question by Sir C, 
Lemon, stated that the Treasury had decided that the mails for 
the Peninsula, the Mediterranean, and the West Indies, should 
in future be despatched from Southampton instead of Falmouth, 
and that this arrangement would come into operation as soon as 
he Postmaster-General could make the necessary alterations for 
doing.—Amongst the other preliminary business, there was a 
series of questions from Mr. RepincTon, and other Irish members, 
as to the use of her Majesty’s name on the subject of the repeal 
of the union and the dismissal of Lord Ffrench and other Irish 
magi i GranaAm said that the Lord Chancellor of 
Ireland had received general directions to use all his official 
authority in order to discourage the 
of her Majesty’s name, it had been done under the direction of 
er responsible advisers.—Sir R. Pen, amidst loud laughter from 
both sides of ouse, moved the usual annual vote of thanks 
to their chaplain, for the sermon which he had that day preached 
to the House, in commemoration of the restoration of Charles II., 
and which was ordered to be printed. said the laughter 
arose, he presumed, from the fact that only six or cight members 
were present in St. Margaret’s, with the Speaker and the mace. 
The report on the resolutions on the importation of Canadian 
wheat and flour was moved; and 
at 
° 
Bow- 
R1NG.—Lord Sranuey declined re-opening the question, which 
had been so recently discussed, and affirmed by a majority of two 
to one. He, however, briefly replied to the speeches of the mover 
and seconder o! © amendment.—Mr. THorNeLy adverted to 
Lord Ashburton’s declaration, that the tariff of the United States 
had been passed for revenue purposes only. His own experience, 
derived from a visit to America last autumn, enabled him to affirm 
that the current opinion of the Americans themselves was, that 
it was passed for protection, in order to foster American manu. 
factures. He urged the importance of taking measures to induce 
the Americans to re-consider the tariff when Congress met next 
er.—Mr. ViILLIERS pointed out the violation of all prin- 
ciple in the Canadian measure, which was, in fact, the creation 
Corn-law in Canada, and therefore an expedient to raise 
the price of food. t rather to present inducements to 
emigrants to settle in the colony, instead of adding to the tempt- 
ation presented to themof proceeding to the United States.—On 
a division, the amendment was rejected by 195 to 83,—On the 
question, that leave be given to bring ina bill founded on the 
resolutions, Lord J. Russun1 protested against the measure being 
considered in the light of a contract, or that perial 
lature was to be restrained from altering or repealing it when 
sounder views prevailed. eave was then given to bring in 
the bill.—Sir J.Granam then moved consideration of the 
ords’ on the i ion of Voters Bill, which 
were agreed to. 2 
The second reading of the Irish Arms Bill was next moved by 
Lord Exro7, who briefly adverted to the past legislation on the 
subject of the importation of arms into Ireland and their regis. 
° 
g, 
|. tration. A Dill, similar in its provisions to the present one, 
had been introduced into et 
He did not deny 
an infringement of the 
but the state of society must 
effective 
second in command. 
he 
te es of violence and forcible entries 
into houses, of recent occurrence, as well as the number of mur- 
ders committed, which he ascribed to the possession of fire-arms. 
2 etween the number of criminal offences and 
amount of convictions in England and Wales andin Ireland far- 
necessity of the measure, the provisions of 
Roman Catholics on the same 
iduals, are to be registered, and their owners licensed, 
under certain regulations, and with penalties for non-com- 
pliance; and with respect to the possession of unlawful arms, as 
ikes and daggers, some slight modification is to be made in the 
existing law, which leaves at present no alternative but trans- 
portation. In this matter a discretion is now to be given to the 
court which tries the convicted individua Instead of the war- 
rant of two Justices, in order to search icts for arms, which, 
is required by the existing law, and which in practice has bed 
found inconvenient, one Justice is to grant a search-warran' 
in which, however, the police to whom it is entrusted are to b: 
named. Some other modifications are introduced into the pre- 
sent measure, which he believed to be necessary for the protec- 
tion of property, and the maintenance of law and order. 
Mr. 8, CrAwrorp acknowledged that the bill was founded on 
precedents; but as he had never been a party to the precedents 
he moved the postponement of the second reading to that day 
six months.—Lord Clements seconded the motion, only regret- 
ting that it was not a direction to the Sergeant-at-Arms to kick 
the bill out of the House. He admitted that Lord Eliot, in drag- 
ging the “monster” before them, had stated the case fairly ; 
but it was melancholy to see the Government bringing forward 
such a measure, instead of amending the laws relating to tolls 
and customs, which were the source of so much discontent. 
was absurd to say worse outrages were committed in Irelan 
than in England: were not people shot at in the streets of 
London and Manchester? Nay, what was the character of the 
outrages on her Majesty? You call them mad, said the noble 
lord, and the theory seemed to be, that murders were com- 
i admen in England, and by Roman Catholics in 
prove the uselessness of the present measure, the provisions of 
which the magistracy of Ireland a body, would not enforce, 
though individuals might look to it as a means of oppression and 
they were to legislate for Piccadilly as they did for 
Ireland, they would find the inhabitants of that quarter as dis- 
contented as the people of Ireland.— 
approving of coercion, supported this 
prevent [much mischief. The measure was only a preliminary 
ne; when the patient was somewhat cooled down, he felt 
confident that the Government would undertake to cure the 
i Mr. Sux said if he were satisfied that 
raced the discontents of the country to other causes, 
requiring other methods of cure. One was @ great defect in the 
administration of justice—the mode of employing witnesses for 
the Crown, by which informers were bribed, and honest wit- 
nesses left wholly i 
up with injurious pr 
jurors was also 
Srown we! t 
itancy; and the power of challenging 
exercised to the obstruction of justité. He 
objected to the Arms Bill, because it deprived the honest man of 
the means of defence, without taking from the ruffian the means 
of aggression; and, above all, because it established a distinc- 
tion between England and Ireland. Mr. Canning had exclaimed, 
“Repeal the Union—restore the Heptarchy !” But they were 
teaching Ireland with different legislation there ought to 
be diffi legislators. ‘The bill w 
the Sir Arthur Wellesley of Dublin Castle, and the Duke 
0 ington, whose fame filled the world. Sir Samuel Romilly 
had denounced these efforts at coercion; and Sir R. Peel had 
himself joined in a similar denunciation, and had asked if such a 
state of things was to continue. It was said that Catholic Eman- 
cipation had not produced its desired results. But had it been 
conceded earlier— it been granted in 1825, when they had 
agreed that the Catholic clergy should receive a salary from the 
State, and thus be connected by a “ golden link’’—he would not 
venture to say what would have been the result, but it would have 
been very different'from the results of that measure, which was— 
‘ted—but won, from the of 
on a recent occasion, had come down to the 
speech on the subject of the repeal of the union, and in that speech 
he had mixed up the name of our beloved Sovereign, What had 
been the course in 1837, on the accession of the Queen? On that 
occasion Lord John Russell, in officially confirming the Lord- 
Lieutenant in his office, had been commanded by her Majesty to 
express her satisfaction at the tranquillity of Ireland, and her 
wishes for its welfare. young Queen had read the history 
of his country ; she had felt that for great wrong there was grea‘ 
reparation due; and with all the warm feelings of her heart, had 
commanded her then Home Secretary to give utterance to those 
sentiments of gentleness and mercy by which she was animated. 
What was the condition of Ireland now ?—what the difference 
between the Government of a Whig and Tory Administration? 
Why not treat Ireland as they had treated Canada? That colony 
had been governed as Ireland was still; but they now gave it a 
liberal governor, who did not even belong to their party, and they 
had called to the functions of office men who had been hunted to 
the death. similar course in Ireland; carry out th 
Emancipatio: ll; conciliate the clergy; strip the agitators of 
their three-fold panoply ; and the whole past history of the world 
informed them what wou! the result. 
esident of the Board of Trade, neither he 
ber had raised a voice against what was nt 
violation of the constitution. He entered into 
statistical and other details, vindicatory of the necessity of the pre- 
sent measure, but admitted that the question of an Arms Bill for 
Ireland was one of some doubtfulness, and to be fitly considered 
by the House ; and replied in detail to some of the arguments of 
Lord Clements and Mr. Sheil, a: 
they considered involved in bigs 
Lord J, Russet 
