hasan 
ean — —reenrenaremn 
1843.] 
THE GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
413 
the old plants in August, and if potted off singly as soon 
as rooted, will flower in a warm room up to Christmas. 
‘8 most annuals transplant indifferently, it will be 
advisable to sow them at once in the pots in which they are 
intended to bloom; and in draining these it will be well 
to follow the advice given in a leading article twelve 
months back, viz., place an oyster-shell in the bottom, 
and fill the pots half full of moss before any soil is 
The moss will be found advantageous 
through the summer, as it will retain moisture, an 
if the pots could be plunged in it it would be greatly 
in favour of the plants. The seed must ke sown 
Very thinly, and as soon as the plants are up they 
must be thinned, retaining only the proper quantity 
Mn each pot. his, it must be recollected, is the first 
Supply ; but a second for later flowering must be sown 
About six weeks hence. Those who admire Stocks in pots, 
may Sow some of the ten week kinds; and the Mignon- 
tte will of course not be forgotten. 
Of plants before spoken of, the scarlet and other Pelar- 
If they are well rooted they 
tay be placed at once in their blooming pots, in rough 
Soil; but if they are not, give them pots in proportion. 
hey must be stopped to make them bushy, and no flowers 
ie be left on the plant till after the middle of August. 
ait fitst sowing of Primula sinensis will now be fit to pot 
inl they must be put, two plants in a large 60-sized pot, 
if fhe peat, and leafmould ; and it will be advantageous 
es ©y can be kept under glass in showery or dull cold 
eather, A second sowing must now be got in for the 
Main winter and spring supply. 
If Strong plants of Salvias are desired for blooming in 
Pals) No time must be lost in preparing them; bat as 
ae Ones are preferable, the blooming points taken off 
'¢ old plants at the end of August, and rooted in heat, 
quite early enough. Propagate Chinese and other 
th fast as you can procure vuttings ; as, if you g 
© plants strong by autumn they will, with very little 
bloom all through the winter. I have now I 
d sufficient respecting plants for blooming in the 
noe ne-room, and it will be the Amateur’s fault if he have 
St a supply of them next winter.-— 1”. P. Ayres. 
HOME CORRESPONDENCE. 
val ew Manure.—I have seen in your columns some 
i ‘able statements respecting the different manures now 
tng WS) and though many foolish and expensive theories 
Ve been advanced, I think the subject one of vast im- 
Portance, an 
0 the 
Ct 
& 
ere Scale—the latter has answered my purpose much 
a ‘rthan theformer. I have also tried another manure 
Gaia years, of which I have seen no mention 
Sizin aps from its not being generally known,)—namely, 
{ 2 dregs or the refuse of the skins of animals prepared 
this me-pits. This isa material extensively used in 
loom ghbourhood in preparing worsted warps for the 
reat, 1€ produce from this is about three times as 
Where aa "i : ac t and the EXD EnRe 
Vale it can be got in sufficient quantities, is on Me t 
By ps Much as common farm-yard dung.—J. G. /Z., 
adford, Yorkshire. 
Poluioes.—About a third of my crop of early Potatoes 
any manure I hace gat triad 
Anure be; 
ns (burnt six or eight years ago) ; the other portion is a 
et both are well drained. Would you favour me and 
‘tee Other readers with the probable cause of my crop 
Stood 
hay hy 
Will 
anybody. Possibly the cold wet weather may 
Some concern in the mischief; if so, warm weather 
remedy it, 
1 ei rence to a paragraph in last week’s 
ineganot, aed 1k. yy miata be glad to know 
ie him, how long the ‘‘ tea-scented Roses in large pots, 
grant ‘0 to three feet high, covered with large and fra- 
Haq flowers,” had been growing in the said large pots ? 
the they been growing therein only since the notice of 
aboge” S¥stem of showing in pots has been promulgated, 
Ang ;¢!* months? If so, were there 25 varieties? 
Wy, ats &8 might be supposed to have been the case, 
the WG * was in possession of something far transcending 
they make-shifts,”” Tcan only regret, in common with 
lave disappointed visitors to the garden, that he should 
Sat) Withheld his very interesting display. My opinion is 
the ae Was formed before 1 saw what Mr. Beck says in 
““TOnicle of the 3d inst.—that the plants exhibited 
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‘Ose, potted since the new system was given out, 
ha i with the new ones— 
8Ul Tose ve borne comparison 
Cxhipi cP» Cornice de Seine et Marne, and others— 
bite by Messrs. Lane and Son, of Great Berkhamp- 
ditin, Tecollect on former occasions, when Rose exhi. 
B Was in its infancy, that a single box of Scotch 
Roses, half-blown and surrounded by a few buds, was 
awarded a prize ; indeed I have seen such sorry ‘‘make- 
shifts,’ that many a cottage-gardener of the present day 
would blush to acknowledge that he had no better. Yet 
these were the best of the time, and were meritorious, 
ecause no one else had had the spirit to attempt to excel 
them. “I, L. Y.”’ must know that new Roses imported into 
this country since Michaelmas last could not, by any pos- 
sibility, be grown toa height of three feet on their own 
Toots, and be ‘‘ covered with large and fvagrant flowers.”” 
—Alpha. [We have struck out some passages which our 
corresp will, u ideration, perceive were 
better omitted. And we think it necessary to observe, 
that the decision of the judges, whether right or wrong, 
could not be influenced by the novelty of the sorts exhi- 
bited. They could only regard them as specimens of cul- 
tivation, and in that view they gave them such areward as 
they considered them entitled to. ] 
The Oniscamyntic Epiphyte Stand.—1 am extremely 
Sorry that the name which I have given to my new Epi- 
phyte Stand has not met with approbation. I am 
the same time, however, much gratified that it has been 
the name only which is disapproved of, while the prin- 
ciple has been invariably admitted to be good, new, and 
well calculated for the growth of tropical Orchidacee. I 
do not consider that the name is by any means an inap- 
propriate appellation; and in this I am inclined to hope 
that many, on consideration, will agree with me. It 
expresses in the fullest possible manner the use for which 
it is intended. The name is a compound word, derived 
from the Greek évoklos, a wood-louse, and auuyrirlos, 
defensive, or used in defence against; and by dropping 
the terminations, we have the name émoxauurrur, or, in 
the English character, Oniscamyntic. I do not think, 
that by selecting the above expressive Greek words, I have 
been guilty of any innovation, when I recollect how very 
many of the generic names given to Epiphytes are derived 
from that language,—Dendrobium, Epidendrum, Onci- 
dium, Isochilus, Cyrtopodium, Peristeria, &c. &c. The 
growers of Epiphytes are at liberty to call it by whatever 
name they wish ; I only beg of them to give it a fair trial, 
and then judge if it has been miscalled—J. Lyons. [It is 
only to persons unacquainted with the meaning of words 
that such as Mr. Lyons has contrived are offensive. New 
things require new names, and we would beg those who 
object to the Greek compounds, necessarily used in Natu- 
ral History, to show us how they would construct better 
out of Saxon or Latin; recollecting that a few dozens are 
ofno use. We must be provided with at least 10,000 to 
begin with.] 
Roses at Exhibitions.—The concluding remark of your 
correspondent ‘J, L. Y.,” in your last Number, attracted 
my notice. After some remarks on the Roses brought 
forward at the Hort. Soc. Exhibition in May, he concludes 
thus—‘‘ I for one shall much regret when the Society 
ceases to admit cut blooms, for in that manner only can 
new Roses be exhibited.” Deprecating as much as pos- 
sible the now-exploded mode of exhibiting these lovely 
flowers—in bunches strangled in moss, I yet venture to 
Gpink it worth, some considerations, RGN ER Gita Hate 
express restrictions or conditions :—That they be attached 
to a sufficient length of stem to bear them up, at least six 
inches or more above the tubes and moss in which they 
are inserted, so as in some degree to show their habit 
and mode of. flowering, and in no case to be tied in 
bunches. Single branches, or at most two ina tube of 
water, would induce “J, L. Y.’’ and other “ Rose- 
growers ’’ to bring forward their new species or varieties ; 
and I hope be no detriment, but a pleasing feature in 
the exhibition. I ventured to suggest something of the 
sort in the Gardeners’ Chronicle two years ago—before 
the F tem was ‘itated d now I think it only 
admissible for the purpose of getting new sorts into earlier 
notice. But I leave the subject to wiser heads.— Quercus. 
Squirrels.—A very remarkable fact in natural history 
has just occurred at Swarthdale House, six miles from 
Lancaster, the residence of James Clarke, Esq., jun. A 
month or two since, Some wood was felled in Kellet-wood, 
and with the fall of one tree came down a squirrel’s nest 
with three young ones in it. The little creatures were 
carefully carried to Swarthdale House, and as a cat in the 
house had just kittened, they were handed over to her 
care. Strange to say, she took to the young strangers 
most kindly, and in fact. completely reared them, just as 
if they had been her own kittens. “The little rogues are 
now fairly out of the nursery. In the day-time, they 
betake themselves to the woods, and at night regularly 
return to the house. They are perfectly domiciled, and 
are treated with all imaginable freedom by every member 
of the family.— facile. 
Gorteria rigens.—Is it not an unusual circumstance 
to have a tuft of the Gorteria rigens in the open air, 
having survived several winters, and now with seventeen 
or more blossoms ready to expand when the sun shines 
strong upon them ? This is the case in my garden at this 
time, situated not far from the southern coast.—J.P. SS. 
Yes. Very unusual. ] 
Bees.—It is with great reluctance that I answer Mr. 
Wighton’s letter, and show my disapprobation of his con- 
duct in answering mine. Tf T use the language of repre- 
hension, I hope I shall be forgiven. 1 shall avoid all 
unprofitable repetition. He still pretends to say that I 
recommend ‘ putting a headless swarm into a hive,’’ and 
soon. I said, take away the Queen, after the swarm had 
been a certain time in the hive, as he himself very well 
knows ; but he will not argue fairly. , He goes on in this 
manner, —‘‘ I fear that Pettigrew misrepresents things 3 
and until he become serious, I shall take no notice of 
what be says, for his knowledge of Bees is beyond my 
a 
2 
Es 
a] 
ken.” Tam sorry to find Mr. Wighton so uncourteous 
and uncharitable. Two years ago he, in a discussion, told 
me that my articles were complete hoaxes, carrying their 
own denial,’” &c. ; and as soon as I had relapsed into silence 
he began to teach, and is now teaching, those hoaxes. “To 
interpret the present th ighly, we must understand and 
unfold the past,” says Channing. In this present discus- 
sion Mr. Wighton is loth to confess, and unable to con- 
ceal, his lack of ability to meet me on fair grounds, and 
therefore very unseagonably tries to efface my facts, and 
tear himself away; finding shelter, or seeking retreat, by 
saying that I am not serious. Philosophers tell us that 
“doing a thing imperfectly is often worse than Jetting it 
alone.’”” Therefore I ask Mr. W. and the gentleman who 
first put the question, whether we have or have not 
proved that Bees’-eggs are transmutable? I think we 
have; but if they think otherwise, I shall prove. it to 
their satisfaction; for I think this is the most imp ortant 
point in the history of the Honey-Bee, and that I amas 
competent to prove that Bees’-eggs are transmutable 
as that 4 and 4 do not equal 9. I shall be anxious for an 
answer. Mr. Wighton seems to doubt that 110 pounds 
of honey were produced by one swarm in 1842. If any 
other individual doubts it, I will give the address of the 
person who squeezed the honey out of the combs before 
he weighed it. I said Queen-Bees, generally speaking, live 
four years; some prolific (not unprolific) ones live but 
three years and two months. ‘It appears to me,” says 
Mr. W., ‘‘as if he got his knowledge from a Ready 
Reckoner.’’ I take leave to inform Mr. W., that 1 was 
taught all I know of Bees by experience ; hence it is that 
not one jot of my writings has been disproved. That those 
Queens that do not live four years die ten months sooner, 
isa beautiful provision of nature. Almost all Queens are 
bred in June and July ; and if they were to die later in the 
year than August, the Bees would be nonplussed, for they 
have no eggs to be metamorphosed into Queens. The 
Bees themselves seem to be aware of the danger of having 
old Queens. I have known a swarm set a Queen, and 
then throw the old one out alive. She crept in four times, 
and met with the same fate. Mr. Wighton says, that 
“Bees do not hatch their young by incubation; the warmth 
of the hive alone brings the larvee forth.” I did not ask 
Mr. W. to prove this, for I knew it was out of his power. 
I shall attempt to prove that Bees’-eggs are hatched by 
incubation. If we from ignorance, or by way of experi- 
ment, feed a swarm night and morning in January, we 
find that the Bees swell a little; that is, cover more comb, 
and the Queen begins to lay. Well, if cold ensue, the 
Bees draw together—leaving a semicircle of brood 
uncovered, which dies notwithstanding the warmth of 
the hives. When warm weather comes, the Bees spread 
again, and eggs are placed around this brood ; but 
before they are half hatched, the unpleasant odour of the 
back-gone brood becomes unendurable, and the Bees are 
obliged to leave them uncovered, which is leaving them 
to perish. Thus, this backgone brood increases all the 
summer. Sometimes the stench of the brood compels the 
whole swarm to forsake the hive. Some hives have back- 
tinteoot Pehiyrciny vevvrmnn's byt, the swarms never 
New Fuchsia.—1 think that you will be pleased 
with our ‘‘ Fuchsia Exoniensis,’’ and we have to thank 
you for the hint afforded us in your notice of Fuchsia 
cordifolia in the Botanical Register, stating that it would 
be a fine species to raise hybrids from. I immediately 
availed myself of this suggestion, and impregnated ‘¢ F. 
cordifolia” with ‘* F. globosa,’’ and this out of many 
hundred seedlings has been the result, proving the cor- 
rectness of your assertion.—R. 7’. Pince, Exeter Nursery. 
Public Suburban Gardens. —It has often been a matter 
of surprise to me that in England, and at any rate in 
many parts in the vicinity of London, there are no planted 
promenades, like the Alamedas in Spain, laid out as 
gardens in some commanding spot, where those who can- 
not afford or cannot obtain a house with a large garden, 
may be able, not only to walk themselves, but to send 
their children to gain health and fresh air among the 
refreshing green shrubberies, grass, and flowers, My 
tind has been more particularly directed to this matter 
by the fact of what is about to happen at Camberwell just 
now, which, when I first knew it, was a pretty village with 
plenty of green fields and Janes, where you might ramble 
about and fancy yourself miles fromthe metropolis; but now 
with the increase of population and modes of conveyance, 
every spot of available ground is covered with houses, and 
it is only with the old-established dwellings that gardens 
can be found. I was one of those who dignified with the 
name of garden a few yards square of ground rather 
larger than a good-sized bed on a gentleman’s lawn ; while 
for air and exercise my little ones, in common with 
hundreds and hundreds of others, were compelled to trudge 
along the hot dusty roads in momentary dread of trades- 
men’s cart-horses, and along paths, which those who know 
Camberwell, agree give much employment to shoemakers 
from the grinding pointed loose material of which they are 
formed; and then all air and view in that vicinity are 
blocked out by the intervening walls, palings, and houses, 
of the more lucky dwellers upon Champion, Denmark, 
and Herne hills. A good-sized piece of ground, well laid 
out in walks, shrubberies, and fiower-beds, and whicl 
might be kept in order by a small annual subscription by 
those who used them, and be kept private by a lodge at 
the entrance, would be a real boon to the whole neigh- 
bourhood. A plot of ground now offers itself commanding 
delightful views of the surrounding country, and well 
known doubtless to yourself and other lovers of Horti- 
culture, as I believe, planned and arranged by the cele. 
brated Dr. Lettsom, Grove-hill, and, until now, in the 
Occupation of Charles Baldwin, Esq., but which in thig 
