THE GARDENER®’ 
CHRONICLE. 
417 
Spent Hors.—Tywro.—We have certainly answered you, and if 
the reply has not been printed it has been lost. All vegetable 
matter that is capable of entering into fermentation, whether 
hops or leaves, may as a source of manure, only it 
must bein the first place rotted; that is the indispensable con- 
dition. Gas-water will accelerate the rotting process. We do 
not understand the question about Boursault Roses, 
Decayep Woop.—Persona.—Although many kinds of wood when 
decayed are excellent for plants to grow in, that is not the 
case with such as contain tannin, a mixture of what chemists 
call tannic acid and foreign matters, and abundant in Oak anc 
Larch. This substance is excessively astringent, and precipi- 
tates the azotised substances called vegetable albumen and 
gluten, the free action of which is necessary to vegetable life; 
It is a peculiar compound of car- 
oxygen, and hydrogen, but when it is decomposed loses 
allits peculiar characters. i i 
ployed; but its decomposition is difficult, and requires a long 
time. We fear you will find that it has done harm wherever 
Gi wood containing it has been applie 
prevention of disease. Air and moderate exercise will keep 
cattle in health, A pound of Glauber or Epsom salts, with two 
ounces of powdered ginger, given in time, will often prevent 
disease ; and it is almost the only remedy which can be ad- 
ministered with safety by a cowman nM serious cases an 
experienced veterinarian must be consulted. In Mr. Youatt’s 
work on Cattle many useful observations may be found on this 
subject. J. 
—K, L.—It is difficult to imagine anything worse 
than to use water from a pond, into which the drainage from a 
farm-yard finds its way for the 
uit. See more observations to-day in a 
R 
Grarns,—A. F. 
Cut-of-doors this year. 
If you could fix bell-glasses over your six bunches, that would 
assist you more than anything else. 
exceed 84°. With this excessive stimulus, the rich manure and 
moe water you have been using increased the mischief. 
E: —J, i 
H. S. would be glad if any Melon-grower will state, 
in the Chronicle, how far Melons should be kept from the glass, 
and how far from the glass could they be ripened. 
—The application of salts to fruit-trees 
m salt, for instance, will certainly kill 
them; nitre has, however, been applied in moderate quantity 
with rather a beneficial effect. This you may use in the mean- 
time asa manure for your Apricot-trees, at the rate of 2lbs. to 
ach, distributedin solution equally over the border, instead of 
nitrate of soda, until the effects of the latter substance on fruit- 
trees have been fully ascertained. 
Strawnernres.—Persona.—There ought to be no flowerless 
Plants in Strawberry-beds,—not even amongst those of the 
Hautbois varieties. In some soils too much dung occasions 
reat luxuriance of foliage, with but little or no fruit. Insuch 
cases a top-dressing of fresh soil, different in its nature from 
pre in which the plants are growing, is preferable to rich 
anure. | 
Asparacus.—Guichenet.—If in cutting your Asparagus you take 
every shoot, whether strong or weak, there can be no reason 
at the end of the season, say the Ist of June, to prevent your 
laying on a good coat of dung, and forking it in. 
no objection to putting on a 
Coating of salt, before laying on the dung, and forking them 
ey both in together. 
RUPFLES.— Persona.—What you have sent is an extremely good 
Of course you know that no one has eyer 
In this country succeeded in obtaining them artificially, though 
fa it has been certainly done in Prussia. 
‘ABBAGES, 
Kidney ; 
pAsh-leavea Kidney dwar! 
‘AMPION.— Persona.— x 
November, and throughout the winter. In sowing you have 
a 
The reason is, that the skin of succulents 
18 thick and tough, and will not allow the fluids cont: 
ae Soon lose their juice and perish. 
i ents about the directions taken b 
late Nu 
spout Flowers do no harm in a bedroom, if they are not 
s ©ng-scented ; the powerful odour of some plants affects the 
erves 6; Violets, for instance, produce fainting 
Gio mee constitutions 2 
a I, W. K.—The plant which you have under the name of 
from Us is of little value, being but slightly distinguishable 
m C. Jenkinsonii in the flower.——Jumes Kitley —Your 
Colours Cactus resembles C. speciosus, but is Very superior in 
McEet and size to that variecty.* . 
P. 891 te, Lady will find the best new Fuchsias named at 
isting t@® Second column, Venus victrix appears the most 
distinet and remarkable of the existing novelties.——0. P. Q.— 
Uchsias appear to be, 1, insignis; 2, pendula splendens ; 
Your Fy 
3, a very young bloom of Blanda. The difference between the 
flowers of some of the varieties is so trifling that it is difficult 
to determine the particular sorts without the foliage.* 
Rosrs.—A Lady.—Lists of different kinds of Roses have been 
given in previous Numbers; and you will probably get an 
account of such as you desire in the “Rose-garden,”? which 
has appeared in our pages. 
PeLarconiums.—Herbert.—It is quite possible that your seed 
May produce one or more desirable novelties. —W. B.—You 
will find some answers to inquiries like your own in last week’s 
aper. We cannot ascertain the cause of the spots. The 
author of the “ Amateur’s Garden” ascribes it to insects ; some 
to the punctures of Aphides. We see no proof of this, and 
doubt it. Most likely it is something in the soil. Sea-sani 
may besubstituted for white sand, if it is thoroughly deprived 
of its salt by repeated washing. 
Versenas.—Herbert.—You can only prick out your seedlings 
about three or four inches apart, in a rich compost, and let 
them take their natural course. They may possibly flower late 
in the autumn. 
For a small climber to occupy 
of your trellis, you can employ Maurandya 
REE Pmonies.—M. W. K.—If you grow these in pots, they 
should be repotted early in the month of March, just as they 
are beginning to grow. Any light, loamy soil will suit them ; 
may add a little decayed manure for those you wis 
to be particularly fine, 
Srepiine TuunsEncta.—QJ. Fryer has sent us a seedling which 
has the colour of the flowers of T. aurantiaca, but with 
whitish centre instead of a dark one. This feature renders it 
distinct. 
ts, Canadian Poplars, Ceerulean Willows, Black 
Walnuts, and the Ailanthus glandulosa. 
s 7m. Blood.—We presume that Dr. Mackenzie’s tract 
may be obtained of the Edinburgh booksellers. The article by 
Professor Daubeny cannot be had separate from the volume in 
which it is published that we are aware of. J. A. J. is 
kis not sold, but given away to his friends. We 
answered this before.——R. N,—‘* Chambers’ Educational 
Course”? is admirably adapted for young men who wish to 
study without masters. Any of the parts may be had sepa- 
The last was Etymology, and very instructive it is.—— 
William Jameson.—We recommend you the volume on Ho- 
rology and Astronomy in the Popular Encyclopzedia of Natural 
i if you wish to study such matters; it is well written, 
well illustrated, and brief.——Alice.—** Chambers’ Cyclopzedia 
of English Literature,” of which six parts have now appeared, 
is the best book we know of to supply the place of the old 
“Elegant Extracts ;” it is well suited for schools, as well as to 
those whose means will not allow them to buy many books on 
literature. The selections are judicious, and the work may be 
safely put into the hands of the young.——Herbert.—“ Loudon’s 
Encyclopeedia of Plants’? is an excellent work for your purpose. 
Journeyman.—We never before heard of the “ Pictorial 
“ Selby’s 
British Forest-trees,’? in which you will find ali the information 
you want. It is useless to medicate Acorns, nor did we ever 
hear of its being done. Beech is exclusively propagated by 
sowing the mast.——C. C.—Paxton’s Botanical Dictionary is an 
Insecrs.—A. F.—We know of no remedy except hand-picking, 
unless fresh white Hellebore-powder would kill them; but it is 
difficult to apply this to caterpillars on Nut-bushes.— R. B.— 
Your grubs, as far as we are able to judge from the specimens 
you sent, which were terribly crushed, appear to be those of a 
Tipula, or Crane-fly, as you suppose. If you do not find the 
remedy proposed by “ Discipulus” answer, try the effect of 
lime and gas-water, as recommended in Gardeners’ Chronicle 
for 1841, page 612, in the article on the Crane-fly, S.— 
. P. H. W.—The blight on your Pyracantha is one of the 
Scale Insects,—Coccus of Entomologists, and probably the Coc- 
cus Oxyacanthz. It is very injurious to the piant on which it 
try and get rid of itin way men- 
he Gardeners’ Chronicle for ae. p. 131, under the 
ct.”” S.——Ento 
Woop .icr.—A. M.—We must refer you to the information given 
in former Numbers, to which we have nothing new to add. 
You may destroy worms by watering the ground containing 
them with lime-water. 
MisceLiansous.—A Reader's plants are Euédnymus europeus 
r ia ifolia.——P.R. 
d-l d variety of Kalm: RW, 
ose is R, spinosissima.——S. 7. P.—Apply to the 
secretary to Sir W. Burnett's patent, Castle-court, Cornhill,—— 
R. D.—Pedicularis palustris.—— H, FE. B.— do not perceive 
the difference between your Azalea raised from A. lateritia and 
Young Gardener.—Iri 
are the roots of the Vine formed in the air; they do more good 
than harm, and need not trouble you. It is the strength of 
your Vine and the dampness of your atmosphere that causes 
their appearance.—. .—We would advise you, if you 
reprint your little tr sellit. A noble sells his land—a 
Scott his novels—a barrister his law—a soldier his liberty—we 
our botany and gardening—a doctor his physic; why should 
you not also sell your commodity ?—-W’. D.—Your specimen 
is Scleranthus perennis. ——C. B.’s plant is Scleranthus 
perennis.—J. G.’s Stanhopea appears to be a natural hybrid 
between S. insignis and S. grandiflora, It is a variety of the 
. P, E.—Your specimens are—1, Aquilegia cana- 
; 2, some species of Erigeron; 3, Orobus tuberosus ; 4, 
the double variety of Pyrethrum Parthenium; 5, the double- 
flowered Dianthus collinus ; 6, apparently Leptospermum. Thea; 
Coleonema gracilis. —0O., Jersey.— Your flowers are smashed 
to pieces from being ill packed. The Salvia could not be dis- 
—J.C. L, 
eatise, to 
without injury. Pill Garlic.—Begonia Dregeana ; we @ 
know the Mesembryanthemum, Sarah.—Iris variegata and 
A. 
me existing varieties——A, F.— The P. . 
Knight from crossing the Jargonelle and Autumn Bergamot 
Catceorarta.—B. 
is called the Tillington.|m——J. C. L.—Oncidium crispum ; a 
pretty variety, so far as can be ascertained from the flower, 
which was very much crushed.—Amateur.—The charge would 
be about 6s%.— 4 Lieut. R.N.—Your Hydrangea is H. 
quercifolia. 
SEEDLING FLORISTS’ FLOWERS. 
PELARGONIUMS.—R, C,— 
worth preserving. 
but inferior to many we have in the same way.— H. W. H.— 
rincess Alice Maud, too thin in texture, the jagged edges to 
Cabira, of no 
petals are too long and narrow. . B.—No. 1, a large flower, 
bad shape, the petals being toolong. No. 2, lower petals too nar- 
row, and the upper petals too thin and cramped on the edge: 
Thurtell’s, R.N. 
~—Your flowers were neither numbered nor named; this was 
an omission difficult to rectify: the best of the three is a large 
flower, with rosy salmon under petals, white centre, petals 
broad and of good substance, dark spot dies away evenly to the 
edge, petals are remarkably even on their surface, and smooth 
at theedge. The flower with a white edge to the upper petals 
R. C.—The seedling named Mrs. Cooke, from being badly 
packed, did not arrive in a proper state to judge of; the petals 
appear to be well formed; it is, however, very thin, and we 
have many varieties of the same character very superior to it. 
this colour we have many very superior flowers. J. Grundy. 
—Your seedling is a well-formed and very pretty flower, of good 
substance ; its principal defect is the thinness of the edge of 
the upper petals; the lower ones are a little too veiny also. 
— 01 
a shade darker bothin the upper and lower petals. 
more pink in its colour, is * 
Pansiks.—N. B.—No. 1, yellow, not the same in all the petals, 
8, stained yellow under petal, the 
B.—Clio wants the eye, and the 
ground-colour differs in the petals 
——Duke of Norfolk, large well-formed flower, with a fine eye, 
primrose ground, with a pencilled edging of delicate blue round 
ple in the top petals 
latter promise to be good show-flowers._—R. R. D.—Your 
VERBENA.—R. R. D.—We cannot tell the exact tint of your 
seedling, from its having been so much pressed; we cannot 
imagine it to surpass the varieties at present grown; it being 
sweet-scented must be its principal i 
a good truss.* 
Ly examined your seedling 
Fuchsias and compared them with many of the finest varieties 
at present in cultivation; your specimens possess more sub- 
stance in the sepals an tubes are higher-coloured than 
any of the large-blossomed hybrids we have seen. Princess 
green; this is quite equal if not 
Alice Maud Mary wants colour. 
a botanical curiosity; the petals 
are long, separated, quilled, and each is furnished with 
an anther. There are four perfect stamens also; the style 
is very long, flower li, rosy vermilion. Rudolphus, 
red purple petals, deep rosy vermilion tube and sepals, 
Stout in substance, and rich in colour. Magnificent, tube 
me colour in larger flowers.——Z. an 
of your secdling is a clear and bright blue, and the largest 
flower of its colour we have seen, measuring 13 inches across, 
The petals are narrow for the size of the flower. 
& K. P.—Your seedling is a very pretty 
variety, good in its form, colour, and marking.* 
As usual, ahost of letters has arrived too late for answers this week, 
NEWS OF THE WEEK. 
Tur proposal of Ministers, granting to her Royal 
Highness the Princess Augusta of Cambridge an annuity 
of 3,000/. a year, to commence on her father’s death, ag 
a dowry on her marriage with the Hereditary Grand Duke 
of Mecklenburg Strelitz, was submitted to the House of 
Commons on Monday. 
Queen’s message On the subject was first brought forward 
as a matter of form, when Mr. Hume proposed an 
addition to the address expressive of the consideration of 
the House for the present unsatisfactory state of the 
country. This amendment was rejected oh a division oy 
1 ¥ 276 votes to 52, and a desultory discussion on thé 
is will bear a temperature of 50° at Boa proposed grant took ees whickendedin an adjourn. 
ment. The subject was resumed on Wednesday in a 
committee of supply, when Mr. Hume moved another 
amendment, declaring the opinion of the committee that 
the allowance so long enjoyed by the Duke of Cambridge 
should have enabled him to make provision for his children, 
An address in reply to the 
