422 
THE GARDENERS 
CHRONICLE. 
[June 17, 
sliding-scale. He remarked that should the Canada bill 
pass, a large quantity of American corn would be 
imported into this country, to the prejudice of the 
English agriculturist, and adverted to several prominent 
points in the public life of Sir R. Peel, to show that the 
right hon. Baronet was altogether unworthy of confidence, 
and wondered how Sir E. Knatchbull could continue to 
se any confidence in his ministerial colleague. He 
believed that the Prime Minister was at this moment pre- 
paring in his own breast measures of a very different cha- 
racter from those with which he was now feeling the pub- 
lie pulse. Lord Stanhope briefly replied, after which the 
different resolutions were presented to the meeting. For 
Mr. Hodges’ resolution for a fixed duty, the show of 
hands was very feeble. Mr. Beaton’s motion, in favour of 
total abolition, very nearly divided the meeting with Lord 
Stanhope’s resolution. This last, however, appeared to 
have the majority, and the meeting immediately adjourned. 
Oxford.—The daily papers announce that the Rev. T. 
E. Morris, of Christ Church, has been admonished by 
the Vice-Chancellor, for the sermon preached by him 
before the University on Ascension Day. The sermon 
has since been published, and it is understood the follow- 
ing is the passage which drew down the admonition :— 
** Laud, the martyred archbishop, who, let us trust, still 
intercedes for this Church, whose enemies he resisted 
unto death—and for this ancient seat of prayer and holy 
contemplation, for which he did so much while yet with 
us, has placed among his private devotions the Apostles’ 
Creed, and a more expanded form of it, and also a yet 
more concise statement of the principal mysteries in the 
economy of Redemption, by which they may be called to 
mind at any moment: ‘Caro factus et conceptus est 3 
Natus’; Passus; Crucifixus; Mortuus; Sepultus; De- 
scendit; Resurrexit; Ascendit; Assedit; Revertetur ; 
Retribuet.’ ”” 
Plymouth.—A meeting of the council of this borough 
was held at the Guildhall on the 7th inst., for the purpose 
of electing a Lord High Steward in the room of the late 
Duke of Sussex. Mr. Whiteford, a Conservative, moved 
that his Royal Highness Prince Albert be elected to fill 
the vacant office. This was seconded by Mr, Soltau, a 
Whig, and unanimously agreed to. The common seal of 
the corporation was then affixed to the patent appointing 
his Royal Highness to the office, after which the royal 
standard was hoisted at the Guildhall, and the church bells 
rang merry peals on the occasion. 
Rye.—On Saturday, a meeting took place in this town 
for the purpose of hearing an address from Mr. Cobden 
on the agricultural working of the corn-laws. The 
meeting first assembled in the Town-hall, which was 
found to be so small that it afterwards adjourned to the 
cattle market. Mr. Cobden addressed the meeting at great 
length. He said that some persons perhaps would contend 
that without some protection the farmer could not com- 
pete with the foreigner. Why not? The land’was as 
good here as abroad, and labour, taking into account 
what an Englishman did, as cheap. Why, then, could 
not the English farmer compete with the foreign farmer ? 
The manufacturers paid taxes and did without protection ; 
then why not the farmer? He might be told that the 
Jand was peculiarly burdened. This was not true. On 
the contrary, the landowning legislators had taken care to 
ease themselves of their fair portion of taxation. If this 
were not so, why did they oppose the motions that were 
made from time to time for an inquiry into those exclusive 
burdens which it was said the land bore? He had spoken 
of the ostensible reason alleged for protection ; in private 
the landlords talked in a very different way, and some- 
times one of their number, not over sharp, let out the 
whole secret. Sir Edward Knatchbull, for instance, 
stated the other night that without the corn-laws the mar- 
riage settlements could not be paid, and Lord Mount- 
cashel that they could not pay the interest on their mort- 
gages. It was said by some that the corn-laws were for 
the benefit of the farm labourer, but his experience enabled 
him to state most positively that agricultural labourers 
received the lowest wages of all, and that the very lowest 
wages were received in purely agricultural districts, the 
wages of agricultural labourers increasing in proportion 
to their proximity to manufacturing towns. He had 
generally found also that the best farmers were advocates 
for free trade. He was for free trade in everything ; but 
he attacked the corn-laws as being the keystone of all 
monopolies, being perfectly satisfied that the corn-law 
being destroyed, the landlords would not permit the exis- 
tence of any other. A reduction of the corn-tax would 
not do, for the part that remained would be adduced as a 
plea for the continuance of other monopolies. He then 
moved, “That in the opinion of this meeting the corn- 
law has proved injurious to the interests and the indepen- 
dence of the tenant farmer and the farm labourer, and 
that it ought to be totally and immediately repealed.”’ 
ajor Curteis thereupon moved, ‘ That in order to pre- 
vent the depreciation of the property of the tenant farmer, 
which must ensue from an immediate abolition of the corn- 
law, a fixed duty on corn is desirable.” The amendment, 
which was seconded by Mr. Selmes, was supported by 
about a dozen hands; and Mr. Cobden’s motion was 
carried by a large majority, 
Windsor.—Captain Cumming, who succeeded to the 
Governorship of the Military Knights of Windsor on the 
decease of the late governor, Colonel Basset, in January, 
1842, expired at his residence, the Governor's house, in 
the lower ward of the Castle, on Sunday morning, after a 
long illness, in the 56th year of his age. The vacant 
vernorship is in the gift of her Majesty, upon the 
Tecommendation of the Dean and Canons of Windsor, 
he appointment may be said to be merely an honorary 
one, the Governor receiving only between 3/, and 4/, per 
annum beyond the yearly stipend of the other military 
knights. 
Woodstock.—The annual meeting and dinner of the 
Oxfordshire Agricultural Society took place in this town 
last week, Mr. Ashurst, the President, in the chair. The 
toast of the ‘‘ Members for the county ’’ was responded 
to by Lord Norreys, Mr. Harcourt, and Mr. Henley. 
Mr. Harcourt thought the English system of farming 
extravagant, and recommended that the system of farming 
and improved mode of cultivation adopted in the Nether- 
lands should be pursued by the farmers of this country. 
By the system of manuring pursued in the Netherlands a 
much greater produce was obtained from the soil, and by 
that means the farmers were enabled to pay higher rents 
for their lands. It was no common thing to see farms of 
100 acres cultivated in such a manner as to enable the 
farmer to live well, while farms of the same size in this 
country were regarded as insignificant, and at the same 
time the farmers were paying there as high often as 7/. 
per acre for their land. He also highly eulogised the 
Scotch system of farming. Mr. Henley said that he held 
opinions very contrary to those of his hon. colleague who 
had just sat down. He thought it would be ridiculous in the 
English farmer to adopt the foreign system of cultivation, 
so widely different was the soil, the climate, and the cha- 
racter of the farmers of this country from those abroad. 
The taxation also of this country was much larger. Mr, 
Harcourt had spoken of Scotch farming. He wished to 
now if ever there was an instance of a Scotch farmer 
coming into that county to farm without putting his hands 
into other’s breeches-pockets. The Scotck were too 
cautious and ‘canny’? to pursue their system in Oxford- 
shire at their own expense ; and whenever a Scotch farmer 
was found, he was always in the position of a bailiff. He 
never knew but one instance of a Scotch farmer having 
embarked in farming on his own account in Oxfordshire, 
Mr. Bl M.P., ack ledged the toast of ‘the 
newly-elected Members of the Society.’’ He quite agreed 
in the agricultural principles announced by his friend Mr. 
Henley ; and he hoped that, as English farmers, they 
would continue to be distinguished by their own system 
of farming. So long as he had the happiness of having 
the confidence of his constituency, and at present he might 
say he had the confidence of two-thirds of them, he should 
never desert those principles which he had expressed in Par- 
liament. The President then read the awards of the prizes, 
which were distributed in the presence of the meeting. 
Railways.—The returns of traffic for the week, by the 
principal lines, have been as follows:—Great Western, 
14,3702; Northern and Eastern, 1,727/,; London and 
Birmingham, 18,023/. ; South Eastern and Dover, 2,2822.; 
South Western, 7,2771.; North Midland, 3,9677.; Grand 
Junction, 8,304/. ; Midland Counties, 2,493/.; Blackwall, 
Counties, 2,483/. Croydon, 4152.; Great North of 
England, 1,362/. ; Hulland Selby, 1,172/.—The Llanelly 
Railway and Dock Company does not yet pay a dividend 
to the proprietary. According to the accounts presented 
at the meeting in the early part of the week, the gross 
expenditure is, 7,5007, per annum, and the gross receipts, 
7,8001.—The traffic on the Greenwich line during the 
fair was as follows: —- Whit Sunday, 9,650 passen- 
gers, 297/.; Whit Monday, 28,237 passengers, 6911. ; 
Whit Tuesday, 11,190 passengers, 330/.; Whit Wed- 
nesday, 6,986 passengers, 208/.; making a total of 
passengers for the four days of 51,063; and a gross re- 
ceipt of 1,5277.—A full meeting of the Blackwall Com- 
pany was held last week for the purpose of receiving 
the report of the committee of inquiry, appointed 
onthe 28th Feb. The report being of extreme length, 
andin print, was not read to the meeting. The sugges- 
tions of the committee, as already noticed in this Paper, 
were chiefly in relation to) steam-boat navigation, which 
they recommended to be concentrated as far as practic- 
able at Blackwall. The} accounts had been found in 
order as far as the committee had inquired, .but 
they thought it requisite that they should be 
reported on by a public accountant. The shortness 
of the period to make the inquiry had prevented the 
committee going into the past transactions of the com- 
any to the extent they would have desired. After a 
long detail of their operations, the committee thought by 
the zealous exertions of the directors, and some plan for 
connecting steam navigation with the Brunswick-wharf, 
that the affairs of the company might be relieved from 
their present state of depression. Dr. Bowring entered 
into an explanation, and said that every information had 
been given by the directors, Mr. Sergeant Gazelee went 
through the report, and maintained that the committee 
had not told them anything but what they knew before, 
besides not going into the past transactions of the com- 
pany, which was one of the principal reasons of the com- 
mittee being nominated. He concluded by moving an 
amendment, ‘‘that in the opinion of this meeting the 
committee have mistaken their duties in not inquiring 
into the past management of the railway, and therefore 
the report is ofno service to the proprietors.’” Mr. Bigg 
seconded it. Mr. Daniell, one of the committee, entered 
into a long explanation, and said that they had not been 
in any way influenced by the directors. Mr. D. Salo- 
mons and the chairman also explained. The amendment 
was lost, and the report was received. 
IRELAND. 
Dublin.—The Irish papers continue to announce the 
resignation and dismissal of Magistrates. Mr. John 
Power, of Gurteen; Mr. W, F. Finn, of Kilkenny 5 Mr. 
W.S. O’Brien, M.P., magistrate for Clare and Limerick, 
and Mr. Henry Grattan, M.P., have resigned the com-~ 
Taission of the peace. Mr. F, Comyn, of Galway ; Capt. 
Mockler, of Meath, and Mr. Blake, of Galway, have been 
dismissed. Mr. Delaney, of Kilkenny, has been rein- 
stated, his resignation having been sent in without his 
knowledge or authority. The usual meeting of the Repeal 
association took place on Monday. The amount of rent 
for the week was 1,717/. 11s. 103d. The enthusiasm is 
said to have been beyond description, the immense crowd 
outside the building joining in the cheers from the inside. 
Previous to the adjournment, the chair was taken by the 
Rey. Mr. Lowry, a Presbyterian clergyman of the north 
of Ireland, whose appearance at the meeting was hailed 
with great applause. Mr. O’Connell has issued a long 
manifesto to the Irish people on the subject of Repeal. 
It enters at great length into the various questions arising 
out of the proposed Repeal of the Union; but our space 
allows us only to advert to the more prominent topics it 
discusses. Mr. O’Connell proposes a Local Parliament 
for Ireland, consisting of the Sovereign, the House of 
Lords, and the House of Commons. The restoration of 
an Irish House of Lords presents, he says, no serious 
difficulties, and an di ion of the Peerage, in conse- 
quence of creations since the Union may be safely left to 
the decision of the House of Peers itself. All Irish ques- 
tions of litigation would be decided, he says, in Irish 
tribunals, without any species of appeal to British 
tribunals. He does not expressly say that the final appeal 
would be to the Irish House of Lords, but he suggests no 
other final appeal. As to the Commons, he admits there 
must be a reform of the old system, and says he would 
‘invite all that is wise, steady, and unrevolutionary, to 
discuss the principle and detail of a reform plan. He 
insists that nothing like the ascendancy of Romanism is 
intended by Repealers or the persecution of Protestants, 
or the confiscation of any vested interests in Church pro- 
perty. e would have every religion severed from the 
State. He would take away no man’s income during his 
lifetime, but as each ecclesiastical benefice fell in, the 
ecclesiastical state revenues should be gradually and at 
length entirely appropriated to purposes of public charity 
and general education, but should not be appropriated, in 
whole or in the smallest part, to any other Church 
whatsoever. 
Mallow.—A Repeal demonstration took place in this 
town on Sunday, at which 400,000 persons are said to 
have been present. A dinner was given in the evening, 
the Rev. Dr. Collins in the chair, at which Mr. O’Connell 
addressed about 600 persons on the prospects of the 
Agitation. “The Repealers,’’ he said, ‘* were peaceable, 
loyal, and attached, affectionately attached to the Queen, 
and determined to stand between her and her enemies. 
If they assailed us to-morrow and that we conquered 
them, as conquer them we will one day, the first use of 
that victory which we would make would be to place the 
sceptre in the hands of her who has ever showed us 
favour, and whose conduct has ever been full of sympathy 
and emotion for our sufferings. What I want you an 
them to understand is that we are sensible of the position 
in which we are placed, that we have our apprehensions— 
by apprehensions I do nct mean fears—but they are 
threatening us Irishmen, peaceful and tranquil, and for 
what offence?. An act of Parliament binding two 
countries together is insisted to be repealed by the Irish 
people. I have thrown my whole heart and soul before 
you, and I wish you all to understand your state, that I 
might frighten Wellington and Peel from their attempt 
to trample on the liberties of Ireland, I tell them we 
will keep within the law and commit no crime, that we 
will stand within the constitution, and let them not dare 
attempt to try our patience beyond what it will endure, 
for it is not safe to drive even cowards to madness ; an! 
oh, it is much less safe to drive those who are not cowards. 
I feel it now my duty to warn you against these Saxons 
perhaps a few days, will tell us what they mean to dos 
but recollect old buccaneering Wellington, and the mania¢ 
disposition of Stanley, and the bigoted prejudices 2 
disposition of Sir J. Graham are in operation i the 
abinet, and the result may be adverse to us. If 80, 6 
prepared, I tell you, for the worst. Take care, obs 
things, to listen to the communications that will be made 
to you—for if they do not gag my mouth and manacle mY 
hands you will hear me pointing out the course of conduc 
most wise to be adopted, and though that course may at 
strike you as being the most wise, yet I hope you Me 
give me credit for my intention. I hope my dream a 
conflict will never be realised, that it is an empty vi 
but let none of us be to blame; let us stand shoulder " 
shoulder on the constitution, and let not Irelan' cue 
abandoned to her foes by the folly, the passions, OF: 
ye of her children.’ airy 
ilkenny.—A. Repeal-meeting took place in 
Thursday oF last siecle at which no less than 00,000 
persons are said to have been present. Mr. 
who has recently been dismissed from thi ines bY 
presided. Mr. O’Connel) commenced the proceeding Th 
directing the music to play ‘‘ God save ee pea of the 
7 Ww. 
was done by more than a dozen a then addressed 
3 ted 
yi ious topics connee 
the meeting at great length on the various ae evening, at 
e magistracys 
estigations 
2 . 
Dungannon.—After two days of minute Inv! The 
seventeen of the Protestants and nine © ee 
party ; against the first for riot and attack per for 
or as it is termed ‘wrecking ;” against the tb ae 
riot and assault. All the cases nate ee returne 
assizes, the trials to take place at Omagh. Kl. 
Tipperary.#Ehe murderers of Mr. Scully, ae au 
feacle, are all in custody, and four of them, 
