THE GARDENERS’ 
CHRONICLE. 
[Ocr. 21, 
change auditory. But the difficulty for O’Connell will 
always be to pass from words to acts, from speeches to 
effects, and this difficulty remains the same.’ The Na- 
tional affects to believe that the vigour of the English 
Government has resulted from the advice given to Queen 
Victoria by Louis Philippe, at their late meeting at Eu! 
The Courrier Frangais takes a view more favourable to 
the Irish agitation than many of the other papers, and 
regards Mr. O’Connell rather as a moderator than an 
agitator. The Presse, whose anti-English feeling is so 
well known, writes in the same style :—‘‘ This commence- 
ment of hostilities between Ireland and the English 
Government has all the character of the crisis of 1831. 
Then, as now also, Mr. O’Connell advised the people to 
submit, assuring them that the agitation for Repeal would 
be renewed under some other form. O’Connell only 
changed the direction of his guns. Will the struggle 
which has commenced like that of 1831, finish in the 
same way as that did? This is a question which we will 
not take upon ourselves to answer. We must not forget, 
however, that there is not less excitement in England 
than in Ireland. In the one country there was a deter- 
mination to proceed to extremes in the way of repression, 
in the other men were resolved to display an energetic 
and terrible defence.’”’? The news from China is another 
subject of comment, and most of the papers anticipate 
immense advantages to France from the opening of the 
Chinese market. The Moniteur contains the official re- 
turns of the indirect taxes during the nine months of the 
present year ending on the 30th ult., put forward appa- 
rently in comparison with the revenue returns of this 
country ending on the 10th inst. The total receipts 
amount to 557,093,000f. (or nearly 22,284,0002. sterling), 
and exhibit an increase, as compared with the receipts of 
the corresponding period of 1841, of 35,652,000f., and 
over those for 1842 of 10,280,000f. The augmentation 
in the last three months of 1843 was 7,267,000f. over 
those of 1841, and 3,355,000f. over 1842. The receipts 
of the registry duties figure in these returns for 
153,982,000f., the stamp duties for 26,612,000f.; the 
Customs for 78,921,000f. ; the import duties on colonial 
sugars, 27,146,000. ; on foreign sugars, 5,145,000f.; on 
domestic sugars, 4,902,000f. ; duties on salt, 43,945,000F. 
on liquors, 71,704,000f.; on public carriages, inland 
navigation, &c., 28,043,000f.; on the sale of tobacco, 
77 ,093,000f.; of gunpowder, 3,614,000f.; postage of letters, 
33,653,000f.; mail coaches, 1,531,000f.; mail packets, 
732,000f. The augmentation bore principally on the 
registry duties, customs, sugars, liquors, tobacco, postage, 
and stamps; and the items on which there was a falling 
off were the duties on foreign sugars, salt, gunpowder, 
mail coaches, and domestic sugar. The receipts per 
quarter were—Ist {quarter, 183,190,000f.; 2d quarter, 
187,184,000f. ; and 3d quarter, 186,719,000f. ;—showing 
an excess in the latter of 3,529,000f. over those of the 
first; and a diminution, as compared with the second, of 
465,000f. ‘The tendency of this publication would be to 
create the belief that prosperity was constantly increasing 
in France. Nevertheless it is stated that extreme dis- 
tress presses upon most of the manufacturing and com- 
mercial establishments of the country.—The Duke 
d’Aumale left Paris on Saturday, for Italy. After visiting 
Turin, Genoa, Leghorn, Florence, Rome, and Naples, 
he is to proceed to Malta, whence he will repair to Africa 
and assume the command of the province of Constantina. 
—Details of the trial and acquittal, at the assizes of 
Laval, of the ultra-Liberal Deputy, M. Ledru Rollin, 
who lately volunteered to pay a visit of sympathy to Mr. 
O’Connell, fill many a column of the Opposition prints, 
which also bestow great attention on an article of the 
Bien Public, a journal recently established at Macon by 
M. de Lamartine, for the diffusion of his opinions and 
the promotion of his political views. In this article he 
exhorts his new allies of the Democratic party to silence 
their discord and unite to subvert the Cabinet in the next 
session, on the questions of extension of the electoral 
franchise and the fortifications of Paris.—The Council 
General of Corsica passed a resolution on the 9thinst., to 
the effect of repealing the law which banished from France 
the family of Napoleon, improving the harbour of Bastia, 
and establishing a military port in the gulf of Ajaccio. 
—A superb block of Carrara marble arrived a few days 
ago at the Palais de l’Institut, in Paris. It is destined for 
a statue of the Queen of England, for the Museum at 
Versailles or the Chateau d’Eu.—The Journal du Havre 
publishes the following notice from M. Prevost, notary to 
the society :—‘‘ The shareholders of the society established 
for the salvage of the Télémaque are informed that the 
question is now completely terminated. The cargo is de- 
posited on the quay of Quilleboeuf—it consists of 52 
pieces of timber. A considerable number of barrels had 
also been shipped in the Télémaque, the remnants of which 
only were found, and it is evident from inspection of them 
that they contained nothing but tallow and oil. Until 
the 23d of September the hull of the vessel was encum- 
bered with sand. Several apertures, which were purposely 
made, gave a passage to the current, and the high tides at 
the close of the month sufficed to clear it entirely. Then 
the most minute search was made, and a certainty was 
acquired that the opinion relative to the existence of 
treasure on board the Télémaque had been altogether 
chimerical. A shapeless hull is all that remains of the 
vessel. The maritime authorities intend shortly to order 
the sale of the cargo and remnants of the vessel, and the 
shareholders will be informed of the amount of the 
proceeds.”” 
Spain.—We have accounts from Madrid to the 10th, 
on which day the birthday of the young Queen was 
celebrated with enthusiasm. Her Majesty laid the 
foundation-stone’ of the Palace of the Cortes, and re- 
viewed the troops of the garrison. At night the Capital was 
illuminated. M. Aguilar, the Minister of Spain in Lisbon, 
had been superseded: the Government charged him with 
having! evinced too much apathy in the diplomatic nego- 
tiations which led to the conclusion of a treaty of com- 
merce between England and Portugal. The Ministry 
were neglecting nothing to insure the opening of the 
session on the 15th inst. Circular letters had been sent 
to all the deputies, requesting them to repair forthwith to 
Madrid, to enable the Congress to be constituted with the 
least possible delay. The session is to be opened bya 
simple ordinance, without any speech from the throne. 
The Cabinet considered that a speech would necessarily be 
followed by the presentation and discussion of an address, 
and was anxious to avoid all obstacle or procrastination to 
the proclamation of the majority of the Queen. Each 
Minister will confine himself to lay before the Cortes an 
exposé of his administration since the installation of the 
provisional Government, and the Chambers, once consti- 
tuted, will proceed to declare the Queen of age. The 
elections were almost everywhere terminated. Barcelona 
and Girona had made no returns; those of the Balearic 
and Canary Islands had not yet arrived ; and Burgos, 
Lerida, and Salamanca, will have to proceed with new 
elections. According to Ministerial calculations, out of 
the 187 deputies elected there were 30 whose opinions 
were not known, 60 Moderados, between 60 and 70 
belonging to the Progresista party, 30 partisans of Don 
Francisco, Centralists, Republicans, &c. The Chamber, 
composed of 249 members, seldom reckoned more than 
180 present, so that the Parliamentary party expect to 
obtain a considerable majority. The Barcelona journals 
state that no change had taken place in the situation of 
affairs there. The Junta had notified to the French 
Consul that it might be at any moment compelled 
to prevent anybody from entering or leaving the town, 
and that all strangers must therefore quit it within twenty- 
four hours. The foreign Consuls had, in consequence, 
removed to Barcelonetta. Barcelona had been reduced 
to a dreadful state since the failure of the insurgents in 
their assault upon the citadel, in which they lost 80 men 
killed and 160 wounded. Immediately afterwards Moat- 
juich and the citadel opened a simultaneous fire upon the 
city, and in a few hours did more damage than heretofore 
after firing as many days. On the 4th the rebel Gover- 
nor of Atarazanas presented himself before General Sanz, 
at Gracia, with 40 men belonging to his garrison. Horse 
flesh was becoming scarce and dear in Barcelona, and all 
the cats had been devoured. On the 5th the Junta 
ordered the door of every house in the place to be con- 
stantly left open, for the purpose of affording a ready 
refuge to p by from the Db and shells of 
Montjuich and the citadel. In consequence of this order 
the patulea had commenced plundering all the richly-fur- 
nished houses. The insurgents had barricaded and cut 
dry ditches across every street, and the hospitals and bar- 
racks were filled with sick, for whom there were no doctors 
or medicines. Order had been restored at Granada and 
Almeria. The latter was occupied on the 5th without 
any opposition by the Government troops. General 
Concha arrived before Saragossa on the evening of the 
5th. Troops were to leave the capital to reinforce the 
army of Arragon, where the insurgents, it appears, are 
not so much discouraged as described by the French tele- 
graph. The Hspectador states that a corps of 6000 men 
was already organized in Saragossa, and that the moment 
when double that number should be under arms, the Cen- 
tralists were determined to offensive i 
in Castile. The funeral of Count Toreno had been cele- 
brated at Madrid with considerable pomp in the Church 
del Carmen. The Bishops of Valencia and Cordova offi- 
ciated on the occasion. ‘The pall was held by the Dukes 
of Osuna and Hijor, and all the nobility and the éite of 
the society of Madrid attended the ceremony. 
Porrucan.—The Lady Mary Wood steamer brings 
advices from Gibraltar to the 9th, and from Lisbon to 
the 12th instant. This packet was detained a day by the 
unusual occurrence of a fog of such density at Gibraltar 
that it was impossible to see at the distance of a few 
yards; it lasted for full 20 hours—from 3 o’clock on the 
Sunday to 11 a.m. on Monday—and several small craft 
were injured by running foul of each other. At Lisbon 
the absence of the Queen and her leading Ministers had 
been seized by the Septembrists to set on foot a new 
revolution.. Attempts had been made to corrupt the 
army, and some officers detected in tampering with the 
soldiers had been placed under arrest in the Castle. The 
merchants of Lisbon were hopeless of a favourable result 
to the tariff negotiations, and the clearing of goods at the 
Custom-house, which had been in a great degree sus- 
pended for a month, wasnow resumed. Lord Aberdeen’s 
retiring to the north of Scotland was held to be very 
significant of the failure of the Duke of Palmella’s mission. 
The Queen and Princes are in excellent health, and continue 
to be enthusiastically received everywhere throughout their 
journey in the Alemtejo, notwithstanding a good deal of 
dissatisfaction manifested on the part of those who have 
been called upon to contribute towards the mending of 
the roads by which the Royal cortége had to pass. It 
appears that this new impost, which is characterised as a 
voluntary donation, has been enforced and refused in 
many instances. 
Grrmany.—The camp of the 10th corps of the Ger- 
man confederacy, near Luneburg, was dispersed on the 
9th inst., after manoeuvres and evolutions as well as mili- 
tary music, on a scale of unusual grandeur, had been per- 
formed during more than a fortnight, to the satisfac- 
tion of all the illustrious persons assembled there. The 
King of Hanover, who returned from Luneburg on the 
9th inst had distributed a considerable number of deco- 
rations of the Guelphic Order of Knighthood to the offi- 
cers at the camp, among whom are mentioned his Serene 
Highness the Duke of Holstein Augustenburgh, heir appa- 
rent to the Duchy of Holstein, the question of whose 
succession seems at present to form one of the leading 
topics in the political circles on the Continent.—Consi- 
derable excitement prevails in Bohemia, in consequence 
of a report having been circulated that since the return of 
Prince Metternich the question of a modification of the 
commercial tariff had been again raised, and it was even 
added that a new tariff was about to be published. The: 
uncertainty prevailing on the subject had created a con~ 
siderable stagnation in all commercial transactions. The: 
warehouses were filled with goods, and no buyers to be 
found. It was feared that a crisis was about to take place: 
amongst the manufacturers.—Letters from Vienna state: 
that Count Sambuy, the Sardinian Ambassador at the Impe- 
rial Court, in a private audience, had formally demanded 
the hand of the Archduchess Maria Carolina (born Febru~ 
ary 6, 1821), on behalf of his Royal Highness Prince: 
Eugene Emanuel, of Sardinia Carignan (born April 14, 
1816), and that the betrothment will take place in the: 
course of this month.—In the kingdom of Saxony no less 
than 154 periodical publications appear daily, weekly, and. 
monthly ; of which two are in the Sclavonic language, two 
in French, one in English, and the rest in German. At 
Leipsic alone the number issued is 76.—We learn from. 
Carlsruhe that the prosecution against M. Haber for his 
participation in the duel between M. de Werefkin and M. 
de Gaeler, has been brought to a trial. He was accused 
of having provoked the duel, but of this charge he was 
acquitted. A sentence of imprisonment for four days for 
taking measures to facilitate the flight of M. de Werefkin, 
in case he survived the rencontre, was, however, pro- 
nounced upon him.—The King of Prussia has presented 
to Mr. Britton a ‘‘ Gold Medal of Merit,’’ as a compli- 
ment for his numerous literary works on antiquities and 
the fine arts ; but. principally in ack led for his 
‘* Dictionary of the Architecture and Archeology of the 
Middle Ages.’ 
Iraty.—Advices from Leghorn of the 6th inst. state 
that the Military Commission sitting at Bologna had. 
already pronounced several sentences, none of which, how- 
ever, had been carried into execution. An insurgent band! 
had made its appearance near Ancona, and a report was 
current that serious attempts at insurrection had been 
made in Naples, Sicily, and the Abruzzi. The disturbances 
in the latter had eyen assumed an alarming aspect. In 
Sardinia and Piedmont the public mind was much agitated. 
A number of arrests had taken place, and the palace of 
King Charles Albert had been placed in a formidable 
state of defence. The Pope left Rome on the 2d for 
Castel Gandolfo, where he intended to reside a few weeks» 
Previous to his departure his Holiness had ordered. the 
execution of a clergyman, named Abbo, who had been 
capitally convicted of the murder of his nephew. He was 
executed on the 4th in the Castle of San Angelo, in pre~ 
sence of the garrison. A strange report has appeared in 
the papers of an attempt to assassinate the Pope. It is 
said that a revolutionary physician had demanded an 
audience of the Pope, and on being refused admittance 
fired a pistol in the court of the Vatican, when he was 
immediately arrested. A loaded pistol was found on hime 
Grurce.—Letters fromAthens of the 30th ult. state that: 
tranquillity prevailed through the country, and that every~ 
where the people were preparing for the elections, which 
were to commence on the Ist inst. The 30th being the 
birthday of King Otho, a grand Te Deum, at which his 
Majesty assisted, was chanted in the Cathedral Church- 
The English and French Ministers, the only diplomatists 
present at the ceremony, were loudly cheered by the 
people. . The British ship Indus and the Vesuvius steame? 
had arrived at the Pirmus. . The Princess of Oldenburg» 
the Queen’s sister, had embarked for Germany. 
Russ1a.—Accounts from Warsaw state that the exile 
ment caused by the rumoured attempt on the Emperor 
Russia, and of which he was first informed by Count 
Dohna, Aide-de-Camp General of the King of Prussia 
who had attended him to Warsaw, had afforded mu! 
amusement to the Emperor, and that during his whole 
stay in the Polish capital he had always driven at a slo” 
pace, through the crowded streets in an open carriag®r 
notwithstanding the inclemency of the weather- * 
Polish officer at Warsaw, who had followed the example 
of his countrymen at Paris in endeavouring to spread an© 
illustrate the report, was the same evening sent to Siberi 
The papers state that the numerous bodies of troops ab 
present assembled at Warsaw and the neighbourhood 
about to return to their cantonments. Some will resal™ 
to form the garrison. of Warsaw ; the others will be sent 1” 
join the army in the south. The late events in Sexvia, th® 
crisis which is imminent in Moldavia, the revolt expected 
in Bosnia, and the revolution in Greece, are all calewated 
to induce the Emperor Nicholas to concentrate imposiN& 
forces in the countries of the Lower Danube. Letters fro™ 
Tiflis of thel0th ult. state that General Neidhar, Governo™ 
of the Transcaucasian provinces, had received despatche> 
of a most alarming nature from General Budburg, com> 
manding the Russian forces on the Circassian coast, a2~ 
nouncing, it was said, amongst other facts, the surprise 
and capture by the Circassians of a Russian fortress 0% 
the Black Sea. 
Turkey ann Prrsta.—The Levant mail which hae 
arrived this week, brings dates from Constantinople of the 
27th ult., Alexandria, 26th, Smyrna, 29th, and Malte, Sele 
inst. On the 20th ult. the Sultan repaired in state to the 
medical school of the Galata Serai, and was present at a 
examination of sixteen of the pupils, the first who hac 
completed their studies in this establishment, and, in addi~ 
tion to. their diplomas, were invested, exch of them, with. 
| 
| 
i 
