1843.] 
THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE. sae 7a 
the green velvet mantle of honour, worn by medical men 
in Turkey. According to the testimony of competent 
judges, they had made considerable proficiency in che- 
mistry, anatomy, &c., under the instruction of European 
professors, the foundation for their studies having been 
laid by a knowledge of the French language. From Malta 
we learn that the Medea was in readiness to convey to 
the Xanthus the scientific expedition under Mr. Fellowes. 
Several officers belonging to the flag-ship have been ap- 
pointed by the Admiral to join it. The Medea will pro- 
bably lay all the time at Macri; but, as the unhealthy 
Season is now over, it ishoped that the expedition will not 
be attended with any loss of life, as was the case on the 
last occasion. 
Nota. — Lieut. Crawford, one of the passengers 
wrecked in the Memnon steamer, has sent an account of 
the accident to the Times, from which we extract the fol- 
lowing :—« We left Bombay on the 20th of July, with the 
South-west monsoon blowing strong ; the direct passage 
across was attempted for the first two days, when the 
ship’s course was altered to the southward, and we had a 
very good run for the season of the year. On the Ist of 
August at noon we were somewhere between 80 and 90 
miles eastward of Cape Guardafui, it blowing a strong gale 
of wind at thetime. About 11 o’clock, p.m., I heard the 
officer of the watch come below and report that: the ship 
Was just ashore. I had but just time to get on deck before 
the ship struck, and she instantly became a total wreck. 
The masts were cut away, and the hull having forged very 
close ashore, an officer of the ship managed to get to land 
in one of the cutters, but the line he carried with him 
parted, and the ication was quently lost. 
Verybody else remained by the wreck until daylight, 
when a hawser was got on shore and made fast by the 
party there, and all the crew and passengers safely landed, 
to the number of 160, with about 16 days’ bread and some 
arms and ammunition. Some papers, I see, talk about 
cases of treasure having been saved : Ido not believe there 
was any treasure on board—certainly none came ashore, 
The mails were entirely lost. A particular account of our 
adventures would occupy too much space of your valuable 
Paper. We managed to get to a place called Hulloolah, 
some 40 miles from the place of the wreck, where we lived 
n very short allowance until the 17th of August, when 
Captain Powell got an Arab boat to attempt the voyage to 
Aden, sending in her the first lieutenant, a midshipman, 
and three of the Memnon’s crew. He permitted any pas- 
Sengers to go in her who chose to run the risk of such a 
Voyage, and of this offer five of the passengers, including 
myself, availed ourselves. We sailed on the 17th, and 
after a rather hazardous passage reached Aden on the 25th. 
1 should mention that whilst working to the westward 
along the African coast, on the 23d of August, we fell in 
Baeaed boarded the wreck of the ship Captain Cook, of 
orough, laden with coal, She was ashore, and the 
erew had been taken off some days before by a brig and 
carried to’ Aden. On our arrival at Aden, Capt. Haines, 
the Political Agent, immediately despatched assistance to 
the rest of the crew left at Hulloolah. The Hindostan arriv- 
ing at Aden on the 3d September, Lieutenant Southey and 
myself availed ourselves of the opportunity, and came on 
in her to Suez, leaving the other passengers to await the 
arrival of the ensuing Bombay steamer, which unfortunately 
is still due. The following is a list of passengers on board 
the Memnon :—-Miss Dalzell; Lieut. E. W. Agar, 3d 
Bombay Native Infantry: remained with the crew at 
Hulloolah. Lieut. J. Duncan, Bengal Native Infantry ; 
Lieut. Leeson, Bombay Grenadiers; Mr. Garrett, mid- 
shipman, came in the boat to Aden, and remained there. 
Lieut. Southey, 48th Madras Native Infantry; Lieut. 
Crawford, Bombay Engineers,! came in the boat to Aden, 
and took a passage in the Hindostan to Suez.” 
_ Curna.—Our private letters mention that the barracks 
in Hong Kong hed proved to be extremely unhealthy, 
both to officers and men, and were reported to be con- 
demned by Lord Saltoun. Several murders had been 
Committed on the coast. A small vessel, supposed to 
ave a valuable cargo on board, had been attacked by 
Pirates, and the passengers had been murdered. An 
English doctor was among the victims. It is believed 
that this vessel was taken by collusion between the pirates 
and crew. 
Unirep Srarus.—The Royal mail steamer Caledonia 
arrived at Liverpool on Tuesday, after a very stormy voy- 
age of 16 days from Boston, which she left on the 1st 
inst. During the greater part of the voyage strong gales 
and squally weather, with heavy head seas, have prevailed, 
and continued up to her reaching the Mersey. The long- 
expected Repeal meeting of delegates from the several 
States of the union has at length been convened in New 
ork, and proved a failure. During their session advices 
Were received of the adjournment of Parliament, without 
having done anything to conciliate Mr. O’Connell or his 
followers. . This afforded the convention an opportunity to 
€nounce the Queen for her remarks respecting Irish 
affairs ; and this is all they did except publishing an 
address and appointing a national committes of five, with 
Power to call another convention whenever, in their 
opinion, it became necessary. On the 19th, 20th, and 
2ist inst., the fair of the New York State Agricultural 
Society was held at Rochester, and was probably the most 
interesting exhibition of the kind ever witnessed in 
America. The number of persons present has been vari- 
ously estimated at from 20,000 to 30,000. Among them 
were Ex-President Van Buren, Ex-Governor Seward, 
Governor Bouck, of New York, the Hon. Daniel Web- 
rene &c. Mr. Webster addressed the meeting at great 
ength, indignantly denouncing the doctrine of Repudia- 
. He also adverted to the subject of a liberal com- 
mercial policy with England, which he had previously dis- 
cussed at Baltimore—expressed a wish to see the English 
Corn-laws relaxed, so as to admit of United States’ pro- 
duce—and dwelt with satisfaction upon the new and 
extending “ provision” trade with Great Britain, the result 
of the altered tariff in this country. In regard to Repu- 
diation, Mr. Webster said, ‘‘ Among those States which had 
contracted debts abroad is that of Pennsylvania, the richest 
state in the union in my judgment, perhaps! ought to except 
NewYork, but taking her mineral, commercial, and agricul- 
tural facilities into consideration, I don’t know on the face of 
the earth, excepting England, a richer state than the state 
of Pennsylvania. (‘Take off her debt,’ said Governor 
Seward.) My friend Governor Seward says ‘Take off 
her debt. Her debt! What can be the debt of a state 
like Pennsylvania, that she should not be able to pay it— 
that she cannot pay it, if she will but take from her pocket 
the money that she has in it ; England’s debt is ingrafted 
upon her very soil ; she is bound down to the very earth 
by it; and it will affect England and Englishmen to the 
50th generation. But the debt of Pennsylvania—the debt 
of Iilinois—the debt of any state in this Union, amounts 
not to a sixpence in comparison. Let us be Americans— 
but let us avoid, as we despise, the character of an acknow- 
ledged insolvent community, What importance is it what 
other nations say of us, or what they think of us, if they 
can nevertheless say, You don’t pay your debts? Now, 
gentlemen, I belong to Massachusetts ; but if I belonged 
to a deeply indebted state, I’d work these ten fingers to 
their stumps—I’d hold plough, I'd drive plough, I’d do 
both, before it should be said of the state to which I 
belonged that she did not pay her debts. That’s the 
true principle ; let us act upon it; let us ‘ go it’ to its 
full extent. If it costs us our comforts, let us sacrifice 
our comforts ; if it costs us our farms, let us mortgage 
our farms. But don’t let it be said by the proud capital- 
ists of England, ‘You don’t pay your debts. You 
republican Governments don’t pay your debts.’ Let us 
say to them, ‘ We will pay them—we will pay them to 
the uttermost farthing.’ That’s my firm conviction of 
what we ought to do. That’s my opinion, and water 
can’t drown, fire can’t burn it out of me. If America 
owes a debt, let her pay it—let her pay it. What I have 
is ready for the sacrifice. What you have I know would 
beready for the sacrifice. At any rate, and at any 
sacrifice, don’t let it be said on the Exchanges of London 
or Paris, don’t let it be said in any one of the proud 
monarchies of Europe—‘ America owes, and can’t or 
won’t pay.’ God forbid! Let us pay—let us pay. Let 
us say to them, ‘Produce your bond, and take your money, 
principal and interest. Add it all up, and take your 
money.’ Let us say to them, ‘ We are not your slaves ; 
we are not paupers; we will not be your debtors; we 
will pay: produce your bond—here is your money—tal 
it.’ (This was followed by repeated and deafening cheers.) 
And until that is done, my friends, you and I cannot feel 
as if we could draw a free breath. I don’t want to be 
indebted to the capitalists of Europe; if we owe them any 
thing, let them produce their bill. If my professional 
earnings are of any worth—if they are wanted—if my 
farm is wanted—if the conveniences of life for myself, for 
my wife and children, are wanted, so far as I am con- 
cerned, so far as America is concerned, come and take 
them. That’s the right ground to take, and let us take it. 
In the north and south, in the east and west, if there live 
any who are descended from the fathers of the revolu- 
tion—any in whose veins runs a drop of their blood, and 
jn whose hearts lives a particle of their proud spirit—let 
them rise up and say, that if we owe Europe, Europe shall 
be paid. I wish to breathe the breath of an independent 
man. A citizen ofa proud and honoured country, I abhor 
the idea that my daily happinessis to be marred by the con- 
sciousness that anything disgraceful hangs on the country or 
any part of it. Let us, gentlemen, be proud of our coun. 
try, but let us preserve for that country the character of 
a just and debt-paying nation. Let it never be said among 
the nations of Europe that the United States of America 
—the nation that had its birth in the glorious scenes of 
176—the country of Washington—the example and great 
type of all modern republics cannot or will not pay its 
debts ?”’—The 59th annual convention of the Episcopal 
Church had been held at New York, and had been the 
occasion of much altercation between the High Church 
and Evangelical Clergy on the subject of Puseyism, 
Something like a charge of heterodoxy and irregularity 
was preferred against Bishop Onderdoull, but it fell to 
the ground. The sittings of the Convention were stormy 
in the extreme. There had been a terrific storm in Flo- 
rida, which had destroyed a considerable part of the town 
of Port Leon in that state. Fourteen lives were lost, and 
property to the amount of 250,000 dollars destroyed by 
his trophe. The t t of the state elections 
had subsided. Mr. Macready, who made his débit at 
the Park Theatre, New York, in the character of Mac- 
beth, had been most enthusiastically received, and the 
critics are loud in his praise. Mr. Horsley Palmer, the 
well-known merchant of London, who arrived at New 
York by the last packet, is said to have determined to 
settle in the United States. A new and important move- 
ment has taken place in Philadelphia in relation to the 
Oregon territory. ‘The Sessions Court-house has been 
filled to hear Mr. P. A. Browne enlarge upon the Ameri- 
can claim to the Oregon; and he so convinced the-eiti- 
zens of its justice that they passed resolutions” calling on 
the United States Government ‘‘ to remoye all foreigners 
who had taken possession of lands,” and organised a com- 
mittee of respectable citizens to correspond with other 
committees in all the states and cities, so as to produce 
united and powerful action on_the United States Govern~ 
ment, to take possession of Oregon without delay.—The 
Canadian Parliament was to meet in Kingston on the 
28th inst. The forests of Beauharnois have been ravaged 
by a dreadful fire, extending many miles, and destroying 
numerous houses and farms. There had been a riot at 
St. Pie, Lower Canada, owing to some Baptist mission- 
aries having been attacked by the Catholic population. 
Forty rioters were arrested, and peace restored. Five 
thousand men are now employed in enlarging the Welland 
Canal. The Court-house at Ottawa, with all the public 
documents, has been destroyed. It was rumoured that 
the British North American fleet is to assemble at Hali- 
fax, where 21 men-of-war are expected. Z 
Parliament. 
HOUSE OF LORDS. 
Ley and the officers of the Commons appeared at the bar, when 
the letters patent having been read by the clerk at the table, 
Lorp CHANCELLOR, in the usual form and words, declared, 
in the name of her Majesty, that the present parliament stands 
prorogued until Tuesday, the 14th November next. The cere- 
mony only occupied a few minutes; there was not a single 
member of either house present except the three Lords Commis- 
sioners. The Chancellor did not use the words ‘then to meet 
for the dispatch of divers urgent and important affairs,” conse 
quently there will be another adjournment on the 14th Nov. 
es 
= 
CITY. 
Money Market, Friday.—Consols have advanced to 
958 for money and the Account; Reduced Three per 
Cents., 942; New ‘Three-and-Half per Cents., 1023; 
Bank Stock, 179-80; Exchequer Bills, 63s. to 65s., and 
62s. to 64s: prem. 
SHMetropolis and its Wkcinity. 
The Weather.—The weather during the last week has 
undergone a'material change, and winter has every 
appearance of having thus early commenced. On Satur- 
day the wind which had for some days been west and 
south-west changed to north-west, and the temperature, 
as the day advanced, gradually became colder. At day- 
break on Sunday a heavy fog pervaded the atmosphere, by 
which the sun was obscured, the coldness increasing, and 
the thermometer varying from 33° to 44°, with the wind 
due north. At twelve o’clock the thermometer stood at 
322, and shortly afterwards a sharp frost commenced, 
during which the mercury rapidly fell, and by three 
o’clock stood as low as 24°. So intense has been the frost 
at night during the week, that the ponds round town 
have been coated with ice of considerable thickness. 
So early a commencement of frost has not been known 
for many years, and is taken as a presage of an early and 
severe winter. 
Court of Aldermen.—At a Court held on Tuesday, Mr. 
Thos. Challis was d, and formally i duced as 
the newly-elected alderman of Cripplegate Ward, and 
took his seat in the court accordingly. Mr. S. R. Good- 
man was elected clerk to the Lord Mayor in the room of 
Mr. Hobler, resigned. The Court then resolved, in 
consideration of Mr. Hobler’s having filled the office for 
55 years, that a yearly pension of 640/., being the full 
amount of his salary, be paid to Mr. Hobler for life. At 
the Court of Common Council on the same day, the 
present Lord Mayor (Humphrey) was appointed Gover- 
nor of the Irish Society, in the room of the late Sir M. 
Wood.—The scrutiny of the voters at the late election of 
an Alderman for Bread-street Ward concluded on Wed- 
nesday, after having continued for several days, during 
which the number of votes disallowed on both sides was 
so considerable, that the Lord Mayor expressed his belief 
that the affair at its conclusion would afford a counter- 
part of the famous Kilkenny cats, which fought until 
nothing but their tails were left. On Wednesday, the 
counsel on the part of Mr. Lawrence declared that it 
would be useless to pursue the inquiry any further; as, 
were the scrutiny to be protracted to the utmost length, 
the termination would most likely leave Mr. Hughes in a 
majority af one or perhaps two votes. Under these cir- 
cumstances, therefore, they would withdraw from the con- 
test, with the understanding that Mr. Lawrence should 
not be prejudiced by so doing in any step he might be 
yet advised toftake. Serjeant Bompas agreed to the pro- 
posed.terms on behalf of Mr. Hughes, and the Recorder 
then stated that the termination of the scrutiny left the 
number of votes as follows:—Mr. Hughes, 32; Mr. 
Lawrence, 30; majority for Mr. Hughes, 2. Mr. Hughes 
Hughes was therefore formally announced by the Lord 
Mayor to be duly elected Alderman of Bread-street Ward. 
City Election.—On Monday, the Sheriffs made the 
usual proclamation in Guildhall of the issuing of a new 
writ for the election of a member for London in the 
room of Sir M. Wood. The nomination took place yes- 
terday, and the polling commences this day. At the 
nomination yesterday the sheriffs declared the show of 
hands to be in favour of Mr, Pattison, and Mr. Baring 
demanded a poll. The result will be announced on Monday. 
Royal Mail Steam.Packet Company.—In conformity 
with the desire expressed at the last annual meeting that 
the directors should present a six months’ report, a gene~ 
ral meeting of the shareholders took place last week, 
The report commenced by regretting the loss of the Sol- 
way, b which the captain and 34 other persons perished ; 
and which, from inquiry, was attributed to an error in 
the calculation of the navigator. Certain modifications 
of the scheme of routes had been approved by the Admi« 
ralty, effecting a further curtailment of steaming operas 
