13 
show a very evident apical growth, the apical cells being readily 
traceable to the primary octants of the embryo, this is by no 
means so readily shown in the Marattiaceae, and it has been 
assumed that no such apical growth is present at first in the 
young members. In the later stages such initial cells were ap- 
parently present at least in some cases, but this was by no 
means always certain and the relation of these initial cells to 
the earlier divisions in. the embryo is very obscure. In Marattia 
douglasti the presence of the single initial in the stem and 
primary root was found to occur, and Farmer, while recognizing 
a single root initial in Angiopteris, believed that no single initial 
was present in the stem of the young sporophyte. Brebner found 
that in Danaea simplicifolia such a single initial was probably 
always present, and my own studies on Angiopteris and Kaul- 
fussia and Danaea tend to show that such a single initial is 
developed at an early period and persists until the sporophyte 
has developed several leaves. 
Before any division occurs in the embryo, the fertilized egg- 
cell increases markedly in size, after which there is formed the 
horizontal basal wall. In both Kaulfussia and Angiopteris, this 
is probably followed at once by the median walls, so that the 
embryo in this stage, as in Marattia, is divided into four ap- 
proximately equal quadrants. (See Jonkman, l’Embryogénie de 
l'Angiopteris, ete., Fig. 9). 
The genus Danaea, at least this is true for D. jenmant and 
D. elliptica, shows a remarkable deviation from the other Ma- 
rattiaceae that have been investigated. In these species the egg- 
cell elongates in a manner which greatly resembles that found 
'n Botrychium (See Bower: Origin of a Land Flora, Fig. 266), 
and the primary hypobasal cell either divides no further, or 
only Once, and forms a short suspensor, so that all of the organs 
of the young embryo, including the foot, may be said to be 
of epibasal origin. As yet no trace of such a suspensor has 
been found in the other Marattiaceae. 
Tn both Angiopteris and Kaulfussia the embryo soon becomes 
very largely elongated transversely so that in longitudinal sec- 
