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Rhododendron 16 species, all endemic, Vaccinium 19 species, of 
which all but one are endemic, Garcinia 17 species, 12 endemic, 
Radermachera 9 species, all endemic, Cleistanthus 14 species, of — 
which 12 are endemic. Of certain groups, such as the Gramt- 
neae and Cyperaceae the percentage of endemism is compara- 
tively small, in the former only about 20°/, and in the latter 
even smaller. 
From the evidence at present at hand it seems that the 
preponderating proportion of the Malayan element in the Phi- 
lippine flora has been introduced from Eastern Malaya, and to 
a much less extent from Western Malaya. The floristic rela- 
tionships of the Archipelago to the islands situated to the 
south and south-east is most marked, and it is very probable 
also that much of the Polynesian and Australian element in 
our flora has been introduced through Eastern Malaya, although 
at the present time neither element is known to be strongly 
developed in the islands to the south and immediate south- 
east of the Philippines. 
The Australian element in the Philippine flora has been found 
to be immensely greater than in any other part of Malaya 
except New Guinea, and is rather difficult to account for, un- 
less it is assumed that approximately the same species and 
genera have been at one time, or will later be found to be 
present in the intermediate islands. It should be borne in mind 
however, that climatic conditions may have considerable in- 
fluence on the matter of plant distribution, for it is evident 
that a plant, once given a certain geographic distribution, the 
climatic conditions must remain such that the species will per- 
sist; it is possible that these Australian types in the Philippine 
flora have at one time been generally distributed over the 
islands to the south and south-east and have there become 
extinct. This contention is born out by the fact that a few 
Australian types are found in Japan and southern China, that 
have not as yet been found in the Philippines or in any other 
islands between Asia and Australia, and again by the rather 
decided distributional area of Japan and southern China, the 
