333 
it seems that there are comparatively few individuals where 
it does occur. 
Bruguiera gymnorrhiza Lamk.  Pototan, Bacauan (Phil.), Tumu, 
Putut (Malay). 
East Africa, tropical Asia and Australia. : 
This is the largest tree of the true mangrove-formation. I 
usually occurs just back of the zone occupied by Rhizophora 
and overtops the surrounding trees by a considerable margin. 
It is sometimes 25—380 m. tall and 60 cm. in diam. 
The bark has large, conspicuous, corky, lenticular patches. 
The flowers are red or reddish, giving tone to the tree and 
distinguishing it from the smaller and less widely distributed 
yellow-flowered species. Bruguiera eriopetala. This species is 
known in Borneo as the “red-flowered putut”, because of the 
general reddish effect produced by its flowers. It is, however, 
difficult to distinguish from the yellow-flowered form. Wood 
red brown, hard, employed for beams, posts, planks, jhools and 
dabbas of boats, also as fuel; bark used for tanning. Large 
beams of this are sometimes exported from East Africa to 
Germany. “This mangrove is known as “Kankra” in the Sun- 
darbuns and is fairly abundant. It occurs also in French Cochin- 
China where an extract is made of the back and this is sent 
into the market as a substitute for catechu under the name 
of “Cay day”. — D. Hooper, in Agric. Ledger (1902) I, p. 31. 
Bruguiera eriopetala W. et Arn. Yellow-flowered Putut (Borneo). 
British India, Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, Philippine 
Islands, New Guinea, North Australia. 
This occurs in the same part of the swamp as the preceding 
species and is hard to distinguish from it. The distinguishing 
feature is the yellow flowers, giving to this tree in Borneo 
the name of the “yellow-flowered putut”. This usually forms 
a rather smaller tree than the preceding. 
These two species have wood which is very heavy and very 
hard and not to be distinguished from that of Réizophora. 
