150 



Macrofterous Aedominals.- 



-FISHES.- 



-Galaxidans. 



the tables of tlic European residents under the appella- 

 tion of " Bombay Dueks," and may be procured by 

 that name in London. 



The genus Sanrus has evidently received its name 

 in allusion to the wide, threatening mouths of the spe- 

 cies, well furnished with Uzard-like teeth, which are 



Fig 88. 



Brilliant Lamp-fish (Scopelus respleudens) 



long, slender, and often barbed. Its members inhabit 

 the Mediterranean and the tropical and subtropical dis- 

 tricts of both oceans. The Golpin of Madeira {Alcpi- 

 saurics of Lowe) has a wide gape, armed with long 

 lancet-shaped, exceedingly sharp teeth. One small but 

 interesting fish is the only member of the family known 

 on the British coasts. It is the Pearl-side (Scopelus 

 peimanti), and belongs to a genus of nocturnal fishes 

 which have soft prominences on the head that shine by 

 night like a glow-worm. Since naturalists have begun 

 to investigate marine animals with more ardour, and 

 the practice of towing small nets after ships has become 

 frequent, the Scopeles have been discovered in all parts 

 of the ocean. They are very brilliant little fislics, 

 ornamented by rows of enchased spots on the sides, 

 that look like strings of pearls. 



Family XIL— GALAXIDANS {Galaxidai). 



This small family belongs to the fresh waters of 

 Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, the Falklands, and 

 Patagonia, and has received from Europeans visiting 

 or settling in those countries the name of Trouts. 

 The Galaxidans have in fact to the nninstructed eye the 

 aspect of the river trout, being similarly spotted on 

 the sides ; but they have no scales, and want the adipose 

 fin. The premaxillaries do not reach the corner of the 

 mouth, but neither does the maxillary form that part 

 of the margin of the orifice, a thick fold of the ujiper 

 lip interposing. Strong teeth arm the jaws, some of 

 them so much more prominent than the others as to 

 obtain the name of canines ; and strong curved ones 



Fig, 39. 



Gag-tootbed Galaiias (Galaxias brocchus). 



exist on the roof of the mouth and on the tongue. 

 All the members of the family are comprised in the 

 genus Galaxias. 



Family XIII.— HYODONTS {IlyodontUla;). 



This is a group of three genera which Linna;us 

 would have merged in his great genua Clupea, and 



which, together with the family that immediately 

 succeeds it, is still a part of the Clupeoids of somo 

 more modern ichthyologists. The Ilyodonts have 

 compressed bodies ; acutely-keeled bellies; without ser- 

 ratures ; and pancreatic caeca, though few in number. 

 Their stomachs are siphonal ; and their mouths are 

 particularly well armed with teeth on tlie jaws, vomer, 

 palatines, presphenoids, lingual and hyoid bones. They 



