JIlCRO-LEriDOPTERA.- 



-INSECTS.- 



-Hemiptera. 



265 



MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA. 



This division contains an immense host of minute 



Social larvffi of Hyponomeuta padella feeding on the apple tree. 



moths, upwards of six hundred species being British. 



They frequently swarm to an extent that renders their 

 appearance quite a pest, from the great mischief they 

 cause, particularly to woollen goods— cloth, carpets, furs, 

 &o. Tinea pellionella feeds on old clothes, in tlie larva 

 state. Tinea hisellicUa is very destructive to furs of all 

 sorts. It also attacks skins, and is a great pest in 

 zoological collections. Tinea iapetzella, the Tapestry 

 moth, is a most terrible pest in houses, attacking any 

 kind of woollen fabric, as does also Tinea sarcitella. 

 The larva of Tinea granella is very destructive in 

 granaries, committing great havoc on grain, upon which 

 they feed, and fasten it together with their silken web, 

 covering it sometimes as it were with a sheet. Many of 

 the species of this family are perfect gems, such as 

 Gelechia Uttorella, and several other species of that 

 beautiful genus. The larvae of some of these insects 

 frequently prove very injurious to trees. The Chry- 

 soclisla Linneella, in the larva state, feeds under the 

 bark of lime trees, and commits great damage. The 

 genus Lithocolletes contains a perfect assemblage of 

 insect gems. They mine the leaves of trees, shrubs, 

 and plants, in their larva state, a single leaf furnishing 

 all the food they require ; but their numbers often 

 render their depredations serious. 



Fig. 165 a, represents the Iarv» of Hyponumeida 

 padella feeding on the apple tree, under a common 

 web. These fruit trees are frequently entirely defoliated 

 by them. 



The following are the families contained in this 

 division of the Lepidoptera : — 



1. Exapatidm; 2. Tineidije; 3. Byponomeutidce ; 4. PluteUid(s ; 

 5. Gelechidie ; 6. GJyphlpiei^gidiV ; 1 . Arf)ijreslhidiE ; %. Graci- 

 liiruda; 9. CoJeophoridm ; 10. EiachistidtB ; W. LithocollttiditB; 

 12. Lyonetidce; 13. NepticuHdcE, 



Order IL— RHYNCHOTA. 



The insects of this order, generally named Hemiptera, 

 are called Rhynchota by Fabricius, from the straight 

 beak which they have on the under side of the head. 



There are two sections, named Hemiptera and Homop- 

 tera, though writers have named the former Hemiptera 

 Heteroptera, and the latter Hemiptei'a Homopiera, 



Sub-order— HEMIPTERA. 



The sub-order He.miptera contains a very large 

 number of insects, nearly all of which emit a pecu- 

 liarly disagreeable odour. Hahn, Hope, Bnrmeister, 

 Amyot and Serville, Dobrn, Stahl, Dallas, and others, 

 have specially signalized themselves by their attention 

 in modern times to this order. 



I give Mr. Westwood's arrangement of the families 

 of Hemiptera : — 



Sect. I. Hydrocorisa. 



Family 1. Notanectidoe ; 2. Nepidce. 

 Sect. II. Aukocorisa. 



Family 1. Gtilr/ulidce; 2. Acanthiidce; 3. Hydrometridts ; 4. 

 Keduviidie; 5. Cimicidce; 6. TingidcB ; 7. CapsidcB ; 8. 

 Lygaidm; 9. Coreidtej 10. ScutdleridfB. 

 VQI~ II. 



Families— SCUTELLERID^?; and PENTA- 

 TOMID^. 



The first family is named Shield-bug, from the enor- 

 mously developed scutellura — a part of the insect gene- 

 rally of large size, also, in the Pentatomidse. 



Many of the exotic species of Scutellera are most 

 brilliant when alive ; and by immersing tlie dried, 

 faded specimens a sufficient time in alcohol, much of 

 their pristine beauty may be regained. Well is the 

 genus Callidea called beautiful. On Plate 8, fig. 3, 

 is figured the red and black striped European Tetyra 

 nigrolineata. 



Fig. 1G6, a, is tliat of Cheerocydnus fovcolatus, with 

 a remarkably broad head and abbreviated body. The 



2 L 



