694 The Zoologist — April, 1807. 



bushes, when it is not cut away for fuel, but further up in the 

 valley is a far richer vegetation of the alpine Flora than one could 

 expect. The rivers spring either from the fell-lakes, of which there 

 are many, some rather large, as Jerisjauri and Nastejauri, or else from 

 mosses or springs. In most of the lakes are found fishes, Crustacea 

 and larvae, chiefly of gnats, so that both waders and water-fowl find 

 food there. 



This, the dreariest and wildest portion of East Finraark, offers 

 in the interior nesting places for, Charadrius morinellus, Emberiza 

 nivalis, Saxicola, skuas, Strix nyclea, Falco gyrfalco, Tringa mari- 

 tima, probably Limosaj and some ducks. In the, in many places, 

 inaccessible fells, near the sea the Lari, Carbones, Uria and Alca 

 torda breed, whilst Charadrius hiaticula, Hannatopus ostralegus, Sterna 

 arctica, Tringa Temminckii and pipits frequent the sea-shores and the 

 adjacent herbage. Somewhat further up the thrushes, Alauda alpestris, 

 Falco lithofalco, Totauus calidris and glareola, Tringa alpiua and some 

 ducks breed. 



In the southern part there are certainly fells, but not nearly so dreary 

 and unfruitful. Lichens and grass are generally found everywhere, 

 whilst birch and juniper grow not only alongside of the rivers, but iu 

 every dale and in the fell-mosses, besides which the valleys are much 

 pleasanter and more fertile. The most fertile and mildest portions are 

 some few valleys aud fjords in South Varanger and the Tana Valley. 

 South Varanger, the portion of East Finmark lying on the south side 

 of the Varanger Fjord, has not unimportant pine forests, some spruce 

 trees (Abies Often talis), fine rich forests of birch, alder and juniper, the 

 rest of the vegetation also shows that there is a milder climate; indeed, 

 of late, some grain is said to have been raised there. The remainder 

 consists chiefly of dry heather hills and mosses. South Varanger has, 

 however, been very little explored for Natural History purposes. 



The Tana River flows a distance of about twenty-six Norwegian 

 miles, from S.W. to N.E., to Poltnak, from whence, after flowing six 

 miles, broad, and in flood lime like a mighty torrent, it empties itself 

 in the Tana Fjord. In the upper part it is surrounded by rolling 

 ground covered with verdure, on which evergreens and deciduous trees 

 grow together. Further down, on the Norwegian side, the pine forests 

 cease, and the forests consist of birch trees, alders, ash, mountain ash 

 aud bird cherry. Still further down it is closed in by high, steep cliffs, 

 in places half covered with trees, and generally one cau find throughout 

 the year large quantities of snow remaining in the higher portions, from 



