2178 The Zoologist — June, 1870. 



its southward passage towards Africa ; the familiar redbacked shrike 

 goes still further south, even to the Cape of Good Hope ; the redstart 

 is abundant in France and Spain on land immediately adjoining the 

 confines of Portugal ; the grasshopper warbler, according to Yarrell, 

 inhabits Central and Southern Europe ; the sedge warbler is common 

 in France, Spain, Italy, and the islands of the Mediterranean ; the 

 yellowhammer, more than visiting, is resident in every country of 

 Europe; "the tree sparrow is rather a common bird in France, 

 Provence, Spain, Italy, Sicily, Malta and Africa ; " the lesser redpole 

 is found everywhere from the North Cape to the extreme south of 

 Sicily ; the twite occurs iu Norway, Sweden, Russia, France, Spain, 

 Italy, Greece, Syria and Egypt; the sand martin is a summer visitant 

 in every part of continental Europe, and a resident in the islands of 

 the Mediterranean : nevertheless, these familiar birds and many others 

 are of necessity excluded from the Avifauna of Portugal, because they 

 form no part of the ornithological bouquets that adorn her shops; 

 because they escape the notice of such accomplished resident natu- 

 ralists as Dr. Suche and the Professor Barbosa du Bocage, and such 

 lynx-eyed visitors as G. F. Mathew and A. C. Smith ; and finally 

 because they find no place in the vaunted Museum of Coimbra or the 

 far superior one at Lisbon. 



I heartily thank Mr. Smith for this contribution to our Science; 

 and sincerely do I hope he will be remunerated by increased reputa- 

 tion, if not by pecuniary emolument, for the trouble he has taken to 

 render his account complete and truthful. 



Edward Newman. 



^ Birds of Marlborough, being a Contribution to the Ornithology of 

 the District? By Everakd F. im Tiiurm. London : Simpkin 

 and Co., Stationers' Hall Court. 1870. 164 pp. demy 12mo. 



There is so large an amount of modesty and good feeling dis- 

 played in this little volume that criticism is disarmed; take, for 

 instance, the introductory paragraph : " It is only now, when I feel at 

 last forced to render an account of the work I have undertaken, and 

 have now completed, that I feel fully aware of its many deficiencies. 

 I have, however, one consolation ; I feel that I have done my best to 

 render a tribute of gratitude to the school where I passed so many 

 pleasant hours, and to the Natural History Society of that school to 



