2400 The Zoologist — December, 1870. 



coast breeds in the Gulf of St. Lawrence; in winter ranges south to 

 the southern extremity of New England. Habitat the same as that of 

 L. troile, with which it is usually found in intimate association. , 

 Specimens in Mus. Acad, Philadelphia; Mus. Smiths. Inst.; Cab. 

 G. N. Lawrence. 



Absolutely identical with L. troile, except in having a white ring 

 around, and white line behind, the eye. The white ring occupies the 

 margins of both eyelids, forming a perfect circle, posteriorly continuous 

 with the white line which occupies the furrow in the plumage, and is 

 an inch or more long. The changes of plumage of this species, and 

 the individual differences to which it is subject, are absolutely identical 

 with those of L. troile: the white ring and line are usually, if not 

 always, present in winter specimens. The white ring and line are 

 said to be sometimes wanting; but specimens without this character 

 cannot be distinguished from L. troile. None of the specimens con- 

 tained in American museums offer any grounds for contradiction of 

 the preceding statements. Such being the facts in the case, each one 

 must be allowed to determine for himself the relationship of L. ringvia 

 to L. troile, according to the notion he may entertain of species. In 

 forming an opinion, the facts must be borne in mind that the two 

 kinds of guillemots are always found intimately associated, and that 

 they are known to copulate with each other. It is probable that the 

 peculiar character upon which the species rests is an individual 

 peculiarity, not a specific difference. 



This bird appears to have been first described and named by 

 Biiiunich under the designation ringvia : alga of this author is the 

 same bird without white tips to the secondaries. Subsequently several 

 names have been proposed, each based upon the head-markings. 

 The bird has also frequently been described as troile, var. 



Lomvia calijoriiica (Bryant), Coues. — Habitat : Pacific coast of 

 North America. Farrallone Islands, coast of California; breeding 

 (Mus. Smiths. Inst, and Cab. H. Bryant; the types of the species) : 

 Sitka, Russian America; wintering (Mus. Smiths. Inst.) 



Entirely like L. troile, except in the form of the bill. Bill somewhat 

 longer than that of L. troile, on an average ; deeper at the base, less 

 decurved towards the tip, the several outlines sliaighter. Culmeu 

 straight to near the tip, then moderately deflexed ; rictus almost per- 

 fectly straight in its entire length, the commissural edge of the upper 

 mandible toward its base somewhat expanded and everted, as in 

 L. svarbag, though not to the same degree ; the feathers on the side 



