The Zoologist — August, 1871. 2731 



Mr. "Riley, State Entomologist for Missouri (present as a visitor), 

 exhibited a large collection of North American insects, illustrating, in many 

 cases, their transformations. Among them was a coleopterous lai"va, which 

 Di'. Leconte (who was present) stated to be that of Pyrochroa flabellata. 



Mr. Dunning read the following extract from the ' Times ' of 27th 

 June : — " Under the pressure of necessity a Salt Lake City blacksmith has 

 invented a machine to kill grasshoppers. It can be manufactured for 

 seventy-five dollars. It consists of a frame drawn by two horses, having 

 an apron extending forward close to the ground to scrape up the locusts, 

 with a hood above it, forming a box open in front. At the rear of the 

 machine is a pair of rollers geared together, the upper one driven by the 

 carrying wheels, of which it forms the axle. Whatever may find its way 

 into the front of the machine is obliged to pass between the rollers at the 

 back, which, being capable of being forced close together, are described as 

 completely demoralizing the 'ironclads.'" 



Mr. Dunning also read a letter he had received from the Eev. W. H. 

 Wayne, of Much Wenlock, stating that both this year and last his ripe 

 strawberries were infested by a small Myriapod, which entered into the 

 interior; there were often six or eight in one strawberry, and they were 

 often eaten without detection. Mr. Wayne also stated that his young 

 carrots were injured by what he seemed to consider the same creature, but, 

 from examples he sent, the depredators in this case were evidently the 

 larvae of a Dipterous insect, Psila rosse. The larvEe first showed their 

 presence by a slightly crumpled appearance of the leaf, which commenced 

 to drop. On taking up the carrot no root-fibres are observed, the slender 

 portion being dry and brittle, and in the centre is found the larva. He 

 observed that all his neighbours' gardens were infested in a similar manner. 

 Mr. Druce said that the carrots in his brother's garden at Kingston were 

 destroyed by the same larvae. 



Papers read, dc. 



Mr. H. W. Bates read descriptions of three new species of Cicindelidae. 

 Two of these pertained to the genus Oxygonia of Mannerheim, and he 

 described them as 0. albitaenia and 0. cyanopis, from New Granada. The 

 third was Cicindela Crespignyi, from Borneo. Mr. Bates entered into an 

 examination of the afiinities of Oxygonia, and agreed with the position near 

 Odontocheila assigned to it by Baron Chaudoir in his recent Catalogue. 



Mr. C. 0. Waterhouse communicated a paper " On the black Species of 

 Cantharis with red heads and filiform antennae." 



Prof. Westwood read descriptions of new species of exotic Papilionidas. 

 Having used the term 'sub-species,' Prof. Westwood explained that a 

 sub-species he considered as a modified form of a species as originally 



