August 22, 1901] 



NA TURE 



405 



Lloyd (Liverpool), Dr. Pipping (Helsingfors), Dr. Boeke 

 (Alkmaar) and others will take part in the discussion. 



Communications are also promised from Dr. A. A. 

 Gray (Glasgow), on the cochlea ; from Dr. Kennedy 

 (Glasgow), on the repair of nerves ; from Dr. Edridge 

 Green, on the classification of the colourblind ; from Dr. 

 R. Hutchison, on the chemistry of bone marrow. Other 

 contributions are also promised from workers who have 

 not as yet sent in titles. It is not anticipated, however, 

 that the amount of work will be as great as usual, owing 

 to the fact that many British physiologists are attending 

 the International Congress to be held in Turin a week 

 later than the Glasgow meeting. 



A discussion on the teaching of botany will be opened 

 in Section K by Mr. Wager and Prof Bower from the 

 point of view of school and university teaching re- 

 spectively. Prof Miall, Prof Marshall Ward, Dr. Scott, 

 Prof Scott-Elliott and others are expected to take part 

 in the discussion. On Friday afternoon, September 13, 

 Prof Reynolds Green will deliver a semi-popular lecture 

 on flesh-eating plants. The following papers have been 

 promised : — Prof Bayley Balfour (president), morpho- 

 logical notes ; Prof Marshall Ward, the Bromes and 

 their brow-n rusts ; Mr. Wager, on the cytology of the 

 Cyanophyceas ; Prof Bower, on an Ophioglossiim col- 

 lected by Mr. Ridley ; Dr. Lang, on the prothalli of 

 J-feliiii>!f/iosiac/iys, OphioglossuinpLndidiim and Psilotum ; 

 on certain large prothalli of Lycopodiimi cernuum ; on 

 the mode of occurrence of the prothalli of L. Selago at 

 Clova. Mr. Yapp, on two Malayan ' myrmecophilous' 

 ferns ; Miss Ford, on the anatomy of Ceratopleris; Mr. 

 Brebner, on the anatomy of Danaen and other Marat- 

 tiaceae ; Mr. Seward and Miss Ford, on the structure of 

 Todea, and on the geological history of the Osmundacere ; 

 Dr. Scott, on a primitive type of structure in Calainites ; 

 Prof F. W. Oliver, on the structure of certain Pateozoic 

 seeds ; Mr. Seward, Jurassic floras ; the structure and 

 origin of jet ; Mr. Arber, a collection of fossil plants from 

 New South Wales ; Dr. F. F. Blackman and Miss 

 Matthaei, autosurgery in leaves ; on respiration ; Miss 

 Clark, effect of altered conditions of growth upon Leinna 

 roots ; Mr. Tansley, the vegetation of Mount Ophir ; 

 Mr. Vapp, some botanical photographs from the Malay 

 Peninsula ; Miss Clark, abnormal secondary thickening 

 in Kendrickia IValkeri ; .\Ir. Worsdell, the structure and 

 morphology of the flowers of Ccphalotaxus ; the morph- 

 ology of the ovule ; Mr. Tagg, museum work ; Mr. 

 Borthwick, increment of wood ; Mr. Gwynne-Vaughan, 

 the vascular anatomy of the Cyatheacex ; on the nature 

 of the stele of Eguise/iiiii ; Mr. Boodle, remarks on the 

 stele and foliar bundles of ferns. 



The new section of Educational Science will be opened 

 on the morning of September 12 with an address by the 

 president, Sir John Gorst. In the afternoon there will 

 be papers and discussions on the organisation of education 

 in Scotland and particularly in Glasgow. On September 

 13, papers on the science of education will be read by Prof 

 Armstrong, F.R.S., Prof. Miall, F.R.S., Prof Withers 

 and others. On Monday, September 16, a discussion on 

 the teaching of mathematics will be introduced by Prof 

 Perry, F.R.S. On September 17 the subject of discus- 

 sion will be the influence of universities and examining 

 bodies on the education given in secondary schools, 

 introduced by the Bishop of Hereford and .Mr. H. W. 

 Eve. 



The committee of the Marine Biological Association 

 of the West of Scotland invite members of the Associa- 

 tion who are interested in marine biology to work at or 

 visit the Marine Station, Millport, N.B., any time during 

 September 1901, and to join any of the open collecting 

 e.xcursions of the steam yacht Mermaid during that 

 month. The intention should be communicated to the 

 Curator, Marine Station, Millport, N.B. 



NO. 1660, VOL, 64] 



THE INTERNATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL 

 CONGRESS. 



THE fifth International Congress, the proceedings of 

 which have just terminated in Berlin, has, notwith- 

 standing the depression caused by the recent death of 

 the Empress Frederick, been a brilliant and important 

 reunion, whether judged by the number and status of the 

 zoologists present or by the interest of its work. 



The meetings were held in the Reichstagsgebaude, 

 corresponding to our Houses of Parliament, a fact which 

 in itself testifies to the esteem in which science is held 

 in Germany. 



On the evening of Sunday, August 11, an informal 

 gathering was held at which the delegates and members 

 were able to meet and greet each other, to renew old 

 acquaintances and form new ones. The business of the 

 Congress began on Monday, August 12, in the large hall 

 of the Reichstag, when Prof Mobius assumed the presi- 

 dential chair and, after declaring the proceedings open, 

 made a touching reference to the sorrow which had fallen 

 upon the Royal Family, and proposed that telegrams of 

 condolence should be sent to the Emperor and to the 

 Crown Prince, who had graciously consented to act as 

 patron of the assembly. Replies to these messages were 

 subsequently received and read. 



The Congress was then welcomed by His Excellency 

 Herr Rothe, Under Secretary of State, in the absence of 

 the Chancellor, by Burgomaster Kirschner and by Prof 

 Harnack, the Rector of the University. Prof Perrier 

 expressed the acknowledgments of the foreign delegates, 

 and after some formal business. Prof Grassi, of Rome, 

 delivered a lecture on "The Malaria Problem from the 

 Zoological Point of View," m which he gave an account of 

 the diseases caused by insect-stings and dwelt upon the 

 importance of their study fur the progress of hygiene. 



It is usual with us to terminate the proceedings of a 

 congress with a picnic, but the committee charged with 

 the arrangements of the present meeting seem to have 

 thought that the proceedings would be smoother if social 

 intercourse preceded debate, and with this view organised 

 an excursion to the Havel See. 



On the Tuesday no forenoon sittings were held, in con- 

 sequence of the Royal funeral ; but at midday a general 

 meeting was held, at which, among other business, it 

 was announced that the prize offered by the Emperor 

 Nicholas II. had been awarded to Dr. Oudemans, of 

 .Amsterdam, for his memoir "On the Influence of Light 

 on the Development of Colours in the Lepidoptera.'' 



Dr. Sclater having taken the chair, lectures were de- 

 livered on "The Theories of Fertilisation,'' by Prof 

 Yves Delage (Paris), who referred to the importance of 

 studying the phenomena, not merely morphologically, 

 but also physiologically ; and on " The Psychic Facul- 

 ties of Ants and other Insects," by Prof Forel (Morges), 

 in which he sought to show an identity between the 

 senses of insects and our own and to demonstrate 

 their possession of memory, association of sensory im- 

 pressions and power of drawing conclusions from 

 experience. 



A general meeting was also held on Thursday after- 

 noon, August 15, when addresses were given by Prof 

 E. B. Poulton (Oxford) on " Mimicry," by Prof Patten 

 (Hanover, U.S.A.) on "The Origin of Vertebrates,'' Prof 

 V. Zograf (Moscow) on " Hydrobiological Investigations 

 and Institutes in Russia," M. A. Pizon (Paris) on "The 

 Observation of Budding in Tunicates," Mr. C. G. 

 Schillings (Diiren) on "East African Mammals," and 

 Mr. O. Neumann on " Results of a Journey from the Red 

 Sea to the White Nile," all illustrated by the lantern. 



At other times the Congress separated into seven 

 sections — viz. General Zoology, Experimental Zoology, 

 Vertebrata (Biology, Classification), Vertebrata (.A.natomy, 



