28 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
being included in an Appendix. Scandinavian and English naturalists of 
late years have so explored the seas in question, that great novelties 
could not be expected among the groups of Crustacea. Mr. Whymper’s 
dredging was chiefly confined to the neighbourhood of Hare Island, north 
of Disco, in about thirty fathoms of water. Here animal life abounded. 
Some twenty-nine species are recorded, and remarks given with reference 
to localities and geographical range, &c. With regard to Crangon (Chera- 
philus) boreas, the author says that in Mr. Kingsley’s opinion the genus 
Cheraphilus as defined by Kinahan cannot be maintained. Mr. Miers, 
however, is inclined to retain it as a sectional division of Crangon to those 
animals (or species) of large size, with median and lateral series of spines 
on the cephalothorax and with post-abdominal segments all keeled; thus 
in contradistinction to the smaller, less robust species (e.g., C. vulgaris, 
franciscorum), in which the parts in question are smooth. A probable new 
species of Idotea is described, the cetacean parasites Cyamus nodosus and 
C. monodontis from the Narwhal are referred to, and corrections added to 
the former account of Brachinecta arctica. 
Mr. Thomas Christy exhibited and made a few remarks on two human 
skulls from natives of Australia, said by Dr. Bancroft to show a particular 
occipital thickening supposed to be induced by the blows of native 
“ knobkerries.” 
Other communications of a botanical character were made by Sir J. D. 
Hooker, Mr. E. M. Holmes, and Mr. M. Ward. 
December 4, 1879.—Prof. Atuman, F.R.S., President, in the chair. 
The following gentlemen were elected Fellows of the Society :—Samuel 
Wright, St. Neots, Huntingdon; George Malcolm Thomson, Dunedin, 
New Zealand; J. Otto Tepper, Adelaide; Major Collet, Kurrum Field 
Force; Henry B. Spotton, Ontario; John Cameron, Botanical Gardens, 
Bangalore; and Sir Samuel Wilson, Ercildoune, Victoria. 
Mr. W. Carruthers exhibited a bottle of Pteropods, Spiralis retroversus, 
obtained in great abundance on the surface of the water of the Gareloch, Ross- 
shire, July, 1879, by Dr. John Grieve. A letter from the latter gentleman 
was read, giving an account of some of the habits of these interesting 
Mollusca. ‘They swam rapidly to the surface, rising with a perpendicular 
fluttering motion, and, having reached it, raised their wing-like appendages 
above their heads, and holding them there motionless would then drop 
quietly to the bottom. Some of the creatures would occasionally stop half 
way down and paddle their way back to the surface, again to descend as 
above mentioned; but seldom or ever did they swim along the surface of 
the water. Dr. Grieve mentions that he did not observe these Pteropods 
use their wings (epipodia) as feet to walk or crawl along, as Alex. Agassiz 
has stated to be the case. 
