34 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
on the abundance and variety of its furred and feathered inhabi- 
tants before the misguided zeal of game-preservers, and the 
unceasing persecution of gunners, exterminated many interesting 
species, and thinned the number of the survivors. 
“Since first I began to sport, about 1816,” writes Lubbock, 
“a marvellous alteration has taken place in Norfolk, particularly 
in the marshy parts. When first I remember our Fens, they 
were full of ‘Terns, Ruffs, and Redlegs, and yet the old fen-men 
declared there was not a tenth part of what they remembered 
when boys. Now, these very parts which were the best have 
yielded to the steam-engine, and are totally drained; the marshes 
below Buckenham, which, being taken care of, were a stronghold 
for species when other resorts failed, are now (1847) as dry asa 
bowling-green, and oats are grown where seven or eight years 
back one hundred and twenty-three snipes were killed in one day 
by the same gun. The Clacton marshes, which formerly were 
almost too wet, are now as dry as Arabia.” 
Mr. Southwell, in his Introduction, supplements these obser- 
vations with more recent information, and dwells at some length 
on this section of the ‘ Fauna,’ for, as he justly remarks (p. ix.), 
the chief value of a new edition of an old work on such a subject 
is to show the changes which have taken place in frequency and 
distribution of species, and to offer such explanations of the 
changes indicated as the writer may consider probable. 
Of the Mammalia there is little to be said. he larger 
species, which are not considered useful to man, or have not been 
protected for sporting purposes, have, with one single exception, 
long since disappeared. This exception is the Otter, which, in 
the native fastnesses of the marshes and reed ‘‘ronds” which 
fringe the Broads, still continues plentiful, and is likely to remain 
so. The Bats have not yet received the attention they deserve, 
and would doubtless repay closer study by the addition to the 
local fauna of more than one species not at present recorded as 
occurring in the county. The greatest additions to the Mammalia 
have been made in the Cetacea, the five species enumerated by 
Lubbock as occurring on the Norfolk coast having been increased 
to nine {p. 15), concerning which Mr. Southwell has some 
valuable notes. 
By far the greater portion of the book is occupied with an 
account of Norfolk birds, to which Lubbock paid special 
