180 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
the Gull-stream, Oct 16th, large numbers of Sparrows and Linnets 
going W.; also on the 24th, 3.30 p.m., flocks 200 yards apart. 
At the East-side, Nov. 8th, 9 a.m., a flock going E.to W. At the 
South-sand Head, Oct. 8th, “French Sparrows”; 16th, the same, 
some settled on board. Time of migration Sept. 29th to Nov. 15th 
—forty-eight days. During September and October Tree Sparrows 
usually arrive in North-East Lincolnshire in flocks containing 
many hundreds. This year has been quite an exceptional one, 
and only a few stragglers have been seen. I suspect the per- 
sistence of north-westerly winds in the autumn has driven these 
and the great body of our immigrants much further southward 
than is usual. The returns indeed show this to be the case. 
Houser Sparrow, Passer domesticus —Only once mentioned, at 
the Corton, Sept. 28th, 7.50 a.m., large flock going west, males 
and females. As the female of the preceding is undistinguishable 
from the male, this entry undoubtedly refers to the Common 
Sparrow. We know that the House Sparrow is a migrant across 
Heligoland,+ and my own observations on the Lincolnshire coast 
tend to the same conclusion. 
Sraruine, Sturnus vulgaris.—Next to the Lark, the Starling 
occupies the most prominent position in the reports. Itis noticed 
both north and south of the Humber at seventeen stations :— 
the Longstone, Coquet Island, Teesmouth, Outer Dowsing, Inner 
Dowsing, Leman and Ower, Cromer, Newarp, Cockle, Galloper, 
Kentish Knock, Nore, North Foreland, Goodwin, Gull-stream, 
East-side, and South-sand Head. Enormous numbers passed the 
southern stations in October, November and December. Some- 
times in separate flocks, sometimes mixed with other birds. They 
crossed at all hours of the day and night, and in all winds and 
weather. Earliest recorded, Cromer, June 10th, 2 a.m., “quantity”; 
the Newarp, 7 a.m., on July 4th, going E. to W.; these were 
young birds.{ Leaving out the earliest dates as referring to the 
migration of the young, we find that the regular immigration 
on to our east coast commenced on Sept. 22nd, when four were 
killed against the lantern of the Longstone at 3 a.m., to Dec. 16th 
+ See a letter by Mr. Gitke in ‘ The Times,’ March 31st, 1877, on the “ Migration 
of Sparrows.” 
t This bears out Mr. Gitke’s observation in a letter dated Heligoland, 1879, 
when he says, ‘ Hundreds of thousands of young Starlings from end of June to end 
of July. Hundreds of thousands of old birds during October, November, and later; 
young and old strictly divided in their migrations.” 
