THE ZOOLOGIST—-SEPTEMBER, 1875. 4599 
Pectoral Sandpiper (Tringa maculata).—One was received 
from Greenland in 1851 by the Copenhagen Museum, and two 
more examples were sent thither from Nenortalik in 1859. 
+ Bonaparte’s Sandpiper (Tringa Bonapartii).— Believed by Hol- 
béll (according to Dr. Paulsen) to breed near Julianehaab, where 
small flocks of both old and young birds have been observed in 
August. A very young bird was obtained at Nenortalik in 1835, 
one undergoing the change to winter plumage in 1840, and three 
were procured there in 1841. 
Dunlin (Tringa alpina). “ Tojuk.”’—Dr. Paulsen has more than 
once received this species from Greenland both in young and 
autumn plumage. It probably breeds there, as it certainly does on 
Melville Peninsula, and elsewhere on the coast of Davis’ Strait. 
The dunlin of the American continent seems to be constantly 
larger than that of Europe, and has been described as distinct by 
the name of Tringa americana. No appreciable difference in 
plumage is, however, perceptible.* 
*Purple Sandpiper (Tringa striata). “Sarbarsuk,” “ Sirksariar- 
sungoak.”— Occurs in winter even so far as the sea is open, and is 
of general distribution. Though not mentioned by Graah as met 
with on the East Coast, some twenty or thirty were seen on Sabine 
Island by Dr. Pansch. 
*Knot (Tringa Canutus). “Kajok??” “ Kajordlik?”—Rare in 
the South, but often met with in the North: believed not to breed 
below lat. 68° N. Is thought to have its nest in the bays of Green- 
land, but authentic eggs seem never to have been obtained in that 
country, nor are such known to exist in collections. After the 
breeding season resorts to the outer islands. Is reported to have 
been found breeding on Melville Peninsula, and in great abundance 
on the Parry Islands. The large flocks of this bird which in autumn 
and spring throng our own coasts, as well as those of Europe and 
temperate North America, to say nothing of countries lying much 
further to the southward, while its breeding habits are not known 
1 There are several other species of shore sandpipers which may be not un- 
reasonably looked for (perhaps as stragglers) in high latitudes. Little, if anything, 
is known of their breeding habits, and therefore the occurrence of such birds is 
especially worthy of attention. 
2 This name is also common to Phalaropus fulicarius, doubtless from the similarity 
in the colour ef the summer plumage of the two species. The knot, however, is at 
least twice as large as the phalarope. In Iceland, where both birds occur, they are 
equally confounded by the natives, 
