THE ZooLocist—Ocrosrr, 1875. 4645 
been used as a camping ground by the shell-fish eaters, their 
kitchen middens having been thrown over the side into a hollow, 
thus covering, as it were, unconformably the former deposits of 
human occupancy. In none of the clearly-defined refuse de- 
posits of the moa-hunters were any marine shells found, but in 
one locality a few pieces of our fresh-water mussel (Unio Auck- 
landicus) were discovered, probably used for domestic purposes; 
but, as before observed, in many instances the line between both 
series could not be drawn, and it appeared clear that the sands 
having been blown away, the kitchen middens of the older and 
newer occupants became not only intermixed, but even that the 
same boulders which were collected for their ovens by the moa- 
hunters might have been used by the shell-fish eating population 
also. 
Owing to the great extent of the area, it was utterly impossible 
to open up all the ovens occurring there, as this would have been 
beyond the means at my command ; however, sufficient ground 
was examined to show that the smaller species, Meionoruis didi- 
formis and Euryapteryx rheides, were obtained most frequently, 
whilst E. gravis was also well represented. Of Meionornis casu- 
arinus, which was the most numerous species at the Rakaia encamp- 
ment, only a few bones were observed both in the cave and on the 
sand-hills, which suggests that in the hunting grounds where the 
older occupants of that locality obtained their food, this species, so 
very plentiful near the Rakaia, must have been of rare occurrence. 
Portions of the shells of several moa-eggs were also collected, of 
which the greater part of one was lying on the surface close to 
the Sumner Road. The seal bones found so numerously in the 
older kitchen middens belong to several species, of which the 
larger fur seal is best represented, the small fur seal not being so 
frequent. 
Objects collected in the Kitchen Middens of the Moa Hunters, amongst the 
Sand Dunes near the Moa-bone Point Cave. 
a. Mammals. 
Bones of fur seals (Arctocephalus cinereus) - - 69 
» small fur seal (Gypsophoca subtropicalis) - 23 
» dog - a - : - 36 
», Whale (Ziphioid) - : - ae 
SECOND SERIES—VOL. X. 3C 
