134 THE ZOOLOGIS'T. 
such blood-thirsty enemies as the Lion, the Hyzna, and the Bear. 
In all probability the sharp-pointed antlers ably resisted the 
attacks of the packs of Wolves which doubtless hung on the flanks 
and rear of the herd to pull down the young and weakly. 
A few years ago, under a bog in county Longford, several bones 
of the Giant Deer were discovered, in which were deep incisions, 
as if made by man; indeed, had there not been a ready explana- 
tion to the contrary, the appearances were almost conclusive in 
regard to the artificial nature of the indentations, which resembled 
the clean cuts made by an axe or hunting-knife. On the shaft of 
a thigh-bone, close beside it, and fitting into the incision, was the 
sharp, angular side of the shaft of a tibia, or leg-bone, of the same 
animal. The quaking or constant up-and-down movement of the 
mud of the bog for ages, under the successive influences of heat 
and cold, had caused the tibia to cut deeply into the thigh-bone, 
and so imitate the appearance of a clean incision by some sharp- 
edged implement. But, although there are no records of the 
contemporaneous existence of this Deer and man in Ireland, there 
are caverns, such as Brixham, Kent’s Cavern, and Wokey Hole in 
Somersetshire, where stone implements of man have been found in 
proximity with its remains. Many of its bones found in Irish 
bogs contain marrow, and blaze freely when burned. The small 
value put on them in times past may be gathered from the fact 
that the intelligence of the Battle of Waterloo was celebrated in a 
village in county Antrim by a bonfire of the bones of this animal, 
while its great horns were often used to form garden fences. 
The freshness of the remains, allowing for the excellent pre- 
serying influence of the marl, would seem to indicate that the 
decease of the Giant Deer is of more recent date than that of 
many of its congeners, and yet, so far as Ireland is concerned, 
man does not seem to have contributed in any way towards its 
extermination. 
The former existence of the ELK or Moose in the forests of 
ancient Britain has been inferred from several discoveries. On 
one occasion portions of its remains were found in the cave of 
Llandebie, in Wales, in proximity with remains of the Brown 
Bear. It is not probable, however, that the Elk was very plentiful 
in this country, although still not uncommon in Norway, and 
generally distributed over Canada; it is evident that no deer 
