ANCIENT AND EXTINCT BRITISH QUADRUPEDS, 147 
caves; but, considering that they live in these situations and hide in 
crevices and holes, it is possible that the bones of recent individuals 
may get mingled with those of fossil animals. The same may be 
said of the Motz, Common Surew and HEDGEHOG; at the same 
time there is every probability that these animals were contem- 
porary in many cases with the larger quadrupeds, with whose 
remains their bones have been found mingled. 
The last of the mammals to arrive on the British Islands after 
the glacial period may or may not have been Man. It is not 
likely, however, that he would have pushed northwards in a land 
destitute of the animal food on which he must have depended for 
his existence; it is probable therefore that the large herbivorous 
quadrupeds at all events preceded him. It is clear, moreover, that 
he lived on the same area with them, as proven by the discovery of 
his flint implements in conjunction with their remains in caves and 
peat-bogs. In Brixham Cavern flint instruments of the chase, 
comprising arrow and spear heads, axes and knives of stone, have 
been found mingled with the broken bones and teeth of the Bear, 
Lion, Great Horned Deer, Reindeer, Red Deer, Roebuck, Wild 
Horse, Elephant and Rhinoceros. In Kent’s Cavern, at Torquay, 
where the Fauna were more numerous, the same conditions have 
been observed. In the Gower Caves, Wokey Hole, and many 
other situations, the proofs of man’s contemporaneous existence 
with these extinct animals are placed beyond a doubt. It is clear, 
moreover, that in some instances he contributed towards, and in 
others succeeded in, exterminating many of the quadrupeds just 
mentioned ; but, so far as the evidence yet extends, it is not certain 
that he dwelt on British soil before the glacial period. 
Although stone implements, more or less rude in construction, 
have been discovered in Ireland and Scotland, there are no recorded 
instances of their having been found associated with the bones of 
any extinct quadrupeds; at the same time there can be little doubt 
that the stone arrow and spear points, wherever found, are indica- 
tions of the venatorial habits of the people who fabricated them. 
The evidence perhaps is more circumstantial than direct; but, 
taking into consideration the small number of flint tools found in 
Ireland, with the abundance of the remains of its giant deer, it is 
probable that, if man existed on the island.at a time when it was 
overrun by herds of this animal, he would have destroyed them, 
