ORNITHOLOGICAL NOTES FROM ST, ANDREWS, N.B- . 159 
There was a very large advent of wild-fowl in the Humber on 
Christmas Day. My informant, who is a capital shot, and has 
lived on the Humber-side all his life, said he never remembered to 
have seen so many geese and ducks in the Humber in all his 
experience, and I am certain no one could be better qualified to 
give an opinion. Amongst the slain on this side of the Humber 
were three Bernicle Geese: they were shot by a young farmer, 
a son of the person above referred to. 
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ORNITHOLOGICAL NOTES FROM ST. ANDREWS, N.B., 
DURING THE AUTUMN AND WINTER OF 1876. 
By W. J. Kerr. 
THE ancient city of St. Andrews stands upon a small and some- 
what rocky promontory on the eastern seaboard of Scotland, in 
front of which stretches an arm of the sea called St. Andrew’s 
Bay, bounded on the south by that portion of the county of Fife 
terminating in Fife Ness (in the provincial dialect known as the 
“East Neuk o’ Fife”), on the north by Forfarshire, terminating in 
the bold rocky headland called the “ Red Head.” To the north of 
the town is the small and dangerous harbour, and beyond, towards 
Fife Ness and the mouth of the Forth, a somewhat monotonous 
line of rocky coast scenery, nowhere attaining a sufficient altitude 
for the nesting of sea-birds. These low rocks, however, when 
uncovered at low tide are the favourite resort of such birds as the 
Turnstone, Purple Sandpiper and Rock Pipit. On the north the 
coast is of a perfectly different character, being flat and sandy, 
a natural line of sandhills preventing the sea from overflowing a 
low-lying cultivated country which stretches for some miles inland. 
Two miles to the north of the town the River Eden flows into 
St. Andrew’s Bay. This sluggish stream forms at its mouth an 
estuary of some three miles in length and about a mile in width: 
at high tide it has the appearance of a salt-water loch and at low 
tide forms a considerable extent of mud-flat and mussel-scaup, 
peculiarly adapted to the requirements of waders, sea ducks, et id 
genus omne—an advantage, I am glad to say, which they seem 
fully to recognise and appreciate. Beyond the Eden to the Tay 
lies a bleak and wild moorland called “Tent’s Muir,” skirted on 
