THE OSSIFEROUS CAVERNS OF DEVONSHIRE. 371 
and that, where they did not reach the roof, deposits were covered 
with stalagmite. On the authority of Mr. Clift and Prof. Owen, 
Capt. Mudge mentions relics of Elephant, Rhinoceros, Horse, Ox, 
Sheep, Hyena, Dog, Wolf, Fox, Bear, Hare, and Water Vole. The 
bones, and especially the teeth, of the Hyena exceeded in number 
those of all the other animals, though remains of Horse and Ox 
were very abundant. Mr. Bellamy, whilst also mentioning all the 
foregoing forms, with the exception of Dog only, adds Deer, Pig, 
Glutton, Weasel, and Mouse. He also speaks of the abundance of 
bones and teeth of Hyena, but seems to regard the Fox as being 
almost as fully represented; and next in order he places Horse, 
Deer, Sheep, and Rabbit or Hare; whilst the relics of Elephant, 
Wolf, Bear, Pig, and Glutton are spoken of as very rare. The 
bones, he says, were found in the uppermost bed only. They were 
frequently mere fragments and splinters, some being undoubtedly 
gnawed, and all had become very adherent through loss of their 
animal matter. Those of cylindrical form were without their 
extremities; there was no approach to anatomical juxtaposition ; 
and the remains belonged to individuals of all ages. Reliquiz of 
carnivorous animals greatly exceeded those of the Herbivora, and 
teeth were very abundant. Coprolites occurred at some depth 
below the stalagmite, in the upper bed, which also contained 
granitic and trappean pebbles, and lumps of breccia made up of 
fragments of rock, bones, pebbles, and stalagmite. The bones 
found prior to 1835 had been removed as rubbish, and some good 
specimens were recovered from materials employed in making a 
pathway. Nothing indicating the presence of man appears to have 
been found. 
The Ash-Hole.-—On the southern shore of Torbay, midway 
between the town of Brixham and Berry Head, and about half a 
mile from each, there is a cavern known as the “Ash-Hole.” It 
was partially explored, probably about, or soon after, the time 
Mr. MacEnery was engaged in Kent’s Hole, by the late Rev. 
H. F. Lyte, who, unfortunately, does not appear to have left any 
account of the results. The earliest mention of this cavern I have 
been able to find is a very brief one in Bellamy’s ‘ Natural History 
of South Devon, published in 1839 (p. 14). During the Plymouth 
Meeting in 1841, Mr. George Bartlett, a native of Brixham, who 
assisted Mr. Lyte, described in this Section the objects of interest 
the Ash-Hole had yielded’ (see Report Brit. Assoc. 185], Trans. 
