44 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
migrants either from the North of England or from Europe. 
They were particularly numerous after the heavy gale on the 
night of October 30th, along with Common Wrens, Coal-Tits and 
Goldcrests. Subsequently having received Mr. Giitke’s notes, 
showing the astounding numbers of both species which passed 
over Heligoland this autumn, there is now no reason to doubt 
those seen in North-East Lincolnshire in October were immi- 
grants, and not the mere shifting of local birds from one home 
district to another. 
There is no genus better qualified to brave the winters of 
high northern latitudes than the Tits. Under the cover of dense 
pine forests they find not only warmth.and shelter, but an 
unfailing supply of insect-food. How intense, then, must have 
been the outburst of winter in the north to drive all these forest- 
haunting birds southward in such extraordinary numbers. 
A flock of Waxwings were seen in the Denes, near Castle 
Eden in October, and several, I am informed, were shot. 
From the first week in October to the middle of December 
Larks kept coming in. Always numerous,* they were last 
autumn especially so. At Spurn, on the 5th October, they were 
passing all day and night; cloudy, wind S.; twelve struck the 
light. At Spurn also, on the night of the 7th, large flocks of 
Linnets and Chaffinches, eighteen striking the lantern; and on 
the 12th, Starlings, fifteen striking the lantern. Also from the 
Tees-mouth, October 7th, “‘ great many Larks coming from the 
N., flying S.” 
Snow Buntings were first seen at Spurn on November 7th; 
wind N.N.W., half-a-gale, showery. At Flamborough, on the 
18th October, ‘some mixed with Larks.” Tees-mouth, on the 
5th November, “flock of twenty;” also on the 10th, “ flocks 
flying S.W., dead to windward;” as my correspondent notes, 
“wind §.W., the fore part of the day a gale; middle part 
moderate.” In the Cotes marshes I saw the first Snow Bunting ° 
on the lst November; large flocks on the 9th and 10th. ‘There 
were large flocks at Easington in the middle of November; and, 
on the 6th of that month, these birds crossed Heligoland in 
“astounding numbers.” It will thus be seen that the migration 
of the Snow Bunting was very generally carried on in the first 
fortnight in November. 
* Larks and Starlings invariably figure largely in the lighthouse returns. 
