THE NATURALIST IN NIDDERDALE. 369 
against this fairly given testimony of Mr. Brand there is some- 
thing more positive than the suggestive counter evidence of 
Hypericum calycinum and its associates. In the ‘ Correspondence 
of Sir J. E. Smith’ we find a letter from Mr. Winch, expressly 
stating that the Saxifraga was introduced into the woods of Blair 
Athol by the gardener. Whether his introduction extended as 
far as Craig-y-barns does not (from memory) appear in the letter.” 
Now a gardener would probably be the very last person to plant 
it on Craig-y-barns, though he might to adorn ornamental woods; 
and the natural conclusion is that he introduced it into the woods 
from Craig-y-barns, its native habitat. Melampyrum sylvaticum, 
whose small deep yellow flower is often the only one to be seen 
in the woods, is plentiful from Huddersfield northwards. In 
Nidderdale it is plentiful in the woods near Fell Beck, 600 to 
700 feet, sheltered; also at Hag Pits, 500 to 600 feet, sheltered. 
The Scottish-British type, or those which, though occurring 
throughout England, are most plentiful in Scotland, is represented 
by Pyrola minor, lesser wintergreen, which grows in leaf-mould in 
Hackfall, 300 feet, a noble wooded gorge through which the Ure 
flows between Masham and Tanfield. Parnassia palustris, grass 
of Parnassus, and Pinguicula vulgaris, the butterwort, adorn many 
of the wet bogs generated by springs on the hillsides. The 
green-veined wax-like flowers of the former, and the noble 
appearance of the plant, call forth the admiration of the botanist 
who for the first time lights unexpectedly upon them in their 
native hillside bog; and the recollection of the inexpressible 
pleasure felt on first finding Parnassia palustris, Pinguicula 
vulgaris, Drosera rotundifolia, Narthecium ossifragrum, Rubus 
chamemorus, Myrica Gale, Trollius euwropeus, Saxifraga umbrosa, 
Botrychium lunaria, Ophioglossum vulgatum, and many other rare 
and beautiful plants, has remained fresh in the memory, affording 
a never-failing source of pleasure through many after years of the 
rough battle of life. The young botanist who yet has before him 
the pleasurable emotions attendant upon the discovery of some 
new or rare plant for the first time may well be envied that 
rapture. Botrychiwm lunaria is rare. It grows in grass fields, 
and is difficult to see. It grows in Nidderdale near Clark’s Carr 
Wood, at 600 feet, sheltered. 
The Scottish Highland type, or those which, though occur- 
ring in the northern counties of England and in Scotland, are yet 
3B 
