474 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
with which I am acquainted. As this species has been neither 
figured nor described by Mr. Bell in his work on Crustacea, and 
as I have had opportunities of examining more specimens of this 
crustacean, alive and dead, than probably any other observer, 
I propose to describe the subject of the above woodcut, which 
I obtained last August, and which I succeeded in keeping alive 
for fifteen days. 
This specimen, a female in berry, I took in my trammel while 
fishing on a bottom of fine shingle about half a mile off shore in 
about six fathoms of water. This was on August 7th. I placed 
it in an extemporised aquarium on a bottom of fine gravel, the 
water being entirely renewed twice a day. I did not feed it at all. 
It proved to be—as the late Mr. Jonathan Couch surmised, in 
writing me, it would be—very sluggish in its habits. In shape 
like a Galathea, without prehensile claws, and with all its legs 
covered by the carapace, it remained usually at rest on the 
bottom of the aquarium, or else slowly crawled about with its tail 
tucked in under it; but if suddenly disturbed it would exert a 
rapid and somewhat powerful back-spring action by quickly 
extending and recovering its tail-fin and tail, just as the Shrimp 
does. I think I detected it twice routing up the sand with its 
broad, rounded exterior antenne, as if feeding; but I am not 
clear on the point, and possibly the action which I saw may have 
resulted from an instinct of defence, although of course it is 
extremely probable that the antenne are thus used for feeding 
purposes. 
Everything about the upper exterior of the carapace suggests 
defence, but not so much against attack as against wave injury. 
The eyes are sunk in deep sockets, and each is protected by three 
large and numerous small stout spines. ‘I'wo rows of spimes on 
each side of the carapace and one down the middle of the back 
protect the shell, which is in addition covered with hard sealy 
excrescences. ‘he dorsal half of the tail is protected by similar 
excrescences. The broad exterior antenne are each divided into 
an upper and lower lobe, the lower one jointed on to the upper 
one, at about one-third of its length from its base. Both lobes 
have independent lateral action and a downward vertical action, 
and are strongly ribbed. When spread in hfe they are the 
broadest part of the whole animal. The interior antenne le 
between the exterior, and are jointed in five articulations. ‘They 
