124 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
stems of Scolopendrium vulgare-—B. On Chailey Common, near 
Lewes, on the under side of the leaves of Filix mas.—-U. 
Balia perversa, vel fragilis. The Fragile Moss Shell.—Not 
uncommon under lichens and the bark of thorns on the Downs.— 
H. On old ash trees at Offham, near Lewes, and on the garden 
wall of the Rectory at East Blatchington, near Seaford.—B. 
Common near Brighton (M) and at Eastbourne (G). In the 
neighbourhood of Uppark it is one of the commonest shells, and 
may be collected in great numbers on the mossy bark of old 
beech trees.—W and H. 
Clausilia laminata. The Laminated Close Shell.—The shells 
of the genus Clausilia are worth examining carefully on account 
of a remarkable peculiarity in structure—namely, a lid to the 
mouth of the shell, which closes, so to say, with a spring. If the 
outer part of the last whorl be broken off, there will be found a 
spoon-shaped calcareous plate or valve, attached to the column of 
the spire by an elastic filament. When the animal protrudes from 
its shell, this plate is thrust aside, and when it withdraws it closes 
the door, as it were, behind it. This curious structure, and also 
the plaits of the mouth, which are intimately connected with it, are 
not formed until the animal has nearly reached maturity.* Four 
species of the genus are found in Sussex. Clausilia laminata, 
about three-quarters of an inch in length, is common under stones, 
dead leaves, &c., and is fond of ascending trees in wet weather. 
Mr. Unwin includes it in his ‘ List of Lewes Shells’ under the 
specific name bidens, 
Clausilia biplicata. The Folded Closed Shell.—About half an 
inch in length. Abundant on old trees and walls, and under dead 
wood in shady places. 
Clausilia nigricans, vel rugosa, vel perversa. The Dark Close 
Shell.—Smaller than the last named, and the smallest of the four 
species included in this catalogue. Equally common with the last- 
mentioned on walls, fences and trees, amongst moss and under 
stones in the same localities. Abundant in the neighbourhood of 
Lewes, where Mr. Unwin has frequently met with the variety 
C, parvula. 
Clausilia Rolphii, Rolph’s Close Shell.—Larger than nigricans 
and a little smaller thau déplicala. Sparingly distributed amongst 
moss and under dead wood, especially on the chalk. Found at 
* C.f. J. E. Gray, ‘ Zoological Journal,’ i., p. 212. 
