BRITISH WHITE WILD CATTLE. 281 
the colour extending over the hair beyond the naked patch for 
about one-third of an inch. The heifer-calf’s nose red, but only the 
naked part; ears pale red (more like the wild type), with some long 
rough hairs inside. The next morning | again went with Mickie 
and a party, and entering the park at the lower end, as I had done 
the previous morning, we very soon saw about forty-seven of the 
herd, up, on the pasture at the lower part of the hill. They were 
feeding, and about half of the animals would have their heads down 
at the same time. The bulls, as before at Chartley, put me in mind 
of pictures of the European bison, being very “humpy” at the 
withers and deep in the dewlap, which Mickie said reaches below 
the knee, and all the neck is pinkish brown,—or pinkish drab more 
nearly expresses it,—giving quite the appearance at a distance ofa 
short mane. I believe this is mainly due, as at Chartley, to the 
colour of the skin. Rain coming on, we took refuge in the old 
“peel” at Hebburn. Afterwards we ascended the hill, leaving the 
road, and keeping more to the right than we had done yesterday, 
up to the Roman (? British) camp, which is circular, somewhere 
about fifty yards in diameter, and surrounded by a single bank about 
two feet high at the lower side, and about four feet at the upper 
or south side. It appears to have had only two entrances, one 
to the north, the other south-west. From here we again obtained 
distant views of the cattle as they passed slowly between two 
woods, feeding as they went. The noses of this herd are black, 
but the black does not—in general, at any rate—extend beyond 
the naked part. The insides of the ears, with a small portion of 
the outsides, are pale red.* The whole herd, with the exception 
of a few of the youngest calves, were suffering from the “rush” 
from the new grass. Mickie gave me the following particulars :— 
The herd at the time of my visit (July) numbered fifty-nine, made 
up of sixteen bulls, sixteen steers,t twenty-seven cows, heifers, &c., 
* Bewick says, “ About twenty years since (1792) there were a few at Chillingham 
with black ears, but they were purposely destroyed, since which period there has not 
been one with black ears.” The ears and noses of those at Wollaton were black. 
Those at Gisburne had the inside of the ears brown. The animals in the latter herd 
were without horns, very strong-boned, but not high (Bewick). They are said 
to have been originally brought from Whalley Abbey, upon its dissolution in 
Henry VIII.’s reign.—Ep. 
+ I adopt the words in use at each place. They all mean animals operated upon 
at two years old or so, when they are big enough to show what sort of animals they 
would turn out. 
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