NOTICES OF NEW BOOKS. 309 
and by the 21st of that month the traveller’s diary recorded twenty 
dead and eighty-nine deserted, between the coast and Vinyata! 
The expedition was then little more than half-way between 
Zanzibar and the southern end of the Victoria Nyanza. Could 
anything be more discouraging? And yet this was nothing to the 
trials which were subsequently encountered in the circumnavigation 
of the lakes, and the journey to the west coast. It was bad enough 
to put up with hunger and desertion, and to stave off fever and 
death in the plains; but when to all this was added the risk of 
shipwreck, and the frequent attacks of hostile, treacherous, and 
even cannibal tribes, it seems marvellous that a man should under- 
take to lead an expedition farther, and that anyone should be found 
willing to follow him. But the stern purpose had been registered ; 
the firm resolve taken to do, or die; and it would have been folly 
and weakness to have turned back, when half the journey was 
accomplished. So at least thought the leader of the expedition. 
The boat must be launched, the lakes explored, their extent deter- 
mined, their outlets discovered, and the source of the Nile placed 
beyond doubt. The devious course of the great river which 
Livingstone and Cameron saw flowing past them at Nyangwé, the 
westernmost point of the Arab traders from Zanzibar, must be 
traced, before any idea could be entertained of a return to 
Europe. 
All this was done, and more too. Following westward the 
course of the Congo, now identified with the Lualaba, and named 
the Livingstone River, in honour of the great traveller who 
preceded him, Mr. Stanley crossed nine hundred miles of 
previously unexplored country, encountering unheard of dangers, 
in the shape of malaria, cataracts, and man-eating savages, to say 
nothing of mutiny amongst his own disheartened followers, until 
al length, having traversed the vast continent of Africa from east 
to west, he arrived on the shores of the Atlantic. Safe and sound, 
it may be said, but, alas! how changed in health and appearance ! 
In a portrait taken in England a week before his departure, and 
forming the frontispiece to the first volume of the present work, 
he appears a young man with dark hair, in good health, and 
with a careless expression of countenance which betokens no 
acquaiutance with hardship. In the frontispiece to the second 
volume we have a portrait of the man as he appeared on his return 
three years later, aged and careworn, with his hair prematurely 
