1086 The Zoologist— February, 1868. 



many black bristles. The shoulders white, as are also the tail and its 

 upper coverts. The back, scapulars, rump, wing-coverts, also the 

 tertial and secondary quills, lavender-gray ; the tips of the scapular 

 quills, those of the tertials and secondaries, and the margin of the wing 

 for its entire length, white. 



Terrestrial Surface. — Except the sides of the throat, which are 

 speckled with black, the entire under parts are white, the breast and 

 belly being tinged with delicate maize or salmon-colour. Bill and 

 feet are of a uniform dull yellow, not unfrequently tiuged with stone- 

 colour or gray, the feet sometimes having a faint tint of green through 

 the yellow. 



Type of the Adult Primaries. — There is not a very striking dif- 

 ference in the adult quills from those of the fourth and fifth year. The 

 white tips are more developed ; the large white spots in I and 2 more 

 extended (generally), that in 2 including the shaft, as well as the 

 fringes of both webs. The white clouds in 4 and 5 very conspicuous 

 and pure. The gray and black very intense and decided. No. 6 has 

 generally no dark markings, unlike any immature age, but, with 7, 8, 

 9, 10, is lavender-gray, with an extended white tip. It will be seen 

 that as the bird advances in age the white spots at the ends of the 

 quills become more developed, as do also the second spots in 1 and 2 ; 

 that the white cloud in 4 and 5 becomes purer and better seen, and 

 that all dark markings leave the 8th, 7th and the 6lh quill, giving 

 them the gray and white character of 9 and 10. 



As each set of quills lasts a year, some difference of course 'is 

 caused by the tips wearing off; late in the year the white lip is 

 frequently quite worn away. 



No. 22. Adult Spring. — The head and neck transmute to white; 

 the bill, feet, orbits and irides are changing to a purer colour. 



No. 23. Adult in Summer (May). — An unseen chauge, because 

 there has been no moult, has taken place in the whole bird. The 

 plumage has rejuvenated and repiginented, looking fresh and blooming. 

 The head and neck are now unsullied while, as are also the sides of 

 the throat; the other parts of the plumage as in winter, but more 

 beautiful, if such could be possible : the breast and belly are vividly 

 suffused, like a sunset tint, with maize, salmon, or rose-colour, the 

 latter much the rarest ; 1 have never seen these parts white. The bill is 

 bright pure chrome-yellotv. The irides are cinereous or drab-gray, 

 full of little particles resembling silver dust. The mouth red-orange. 

 The feet are intense canary-ye/low. The orbits are vermilion. 



