JOO 



NATURE 



OcTi iBEK 3, 



I ii -' wei e .dl arranged in groups it, 



nalh , mi fixation '••■ heal , long filaments 



"in from them, showing thai 1 In \ were 



'i longing i" thi ;i oup i ii I nidospi n idia, 



i now n to pi odui e diseased i ondiuons in 



i ulai and other tissue of fish. I hi groups oi 



dies wiih filaments suggest the family of the 



C'hloro'myxidae with their foui polai capsules, bul there 



is reason for believing thai the) represent spores, opJ 



'olai i apsules, and, if so, the) probabl.) I" lo 



Ethi 1 M. Doidge ; 



now form "f the Microsporidi 

 M\ cologii a] notes'. T. 



(Mil [TA. 



Asiatic South of Bengal, August 7. Maud I 

 Cleghorn : A note on the vitalit) and longevity di 

 silkworm moths during the cold and rain) seasons 

 in Bengal. \n account of experiments carried oul 

 during the pasl two years on the vitalitj and longevit) 

 of silkworm moths, h is shown that mollis which 

 emerge in December and January live longer, while 

 thosi bred in the rains arid hatched out in August 

 and September exist for only .1 few days. The results 

 "i thi experiments, which are shown in tabular foriri,, 

 1- compared with Tower's observations on the effect 

 of temperature and moisture on certain Chrysomelid 

 beetles. Dr. 1>. Prashad : Zoological results of a tour- 

 in the Far East. Echiuroids from brackish water, 

 with the description of a new marine species from 

 the Andamans. Three species of the genus Thalas- 

 semia have alread) been recorded from brackish watei 

 in the. coasts of the Bay of Bengal and the Gulf of 

 Siam. The anatomy of these is described in detar), 

 and special attention is paid to the structure of the 

 proboscis, which exhibits certain peculiarities in these 

 forms. \ progressive modification can be traced in 

 the three species, probably in connection with life in 

 peculiarly dense mild. A new marine species of the 

 genus from the Andamans is also described. L. 

 Chopard : Zoological results of a tour in the Far East. 

 Les Orthooteres cavernicoles de Birmanie et la P£nin- 

 sule Malaise. All the Orthoptera at present known 

 from limestone caves in the Malay Peninsula and 

 Burma were discussed, and most of them figured. 

 In this fauna one Species ol earwig, five species of 

 cockroaches, and seven species "I wingless Phas- 

 gonuridae are included. Dr. N. Annandale and Dr. B. 

 Prashad ; Note on the taxonomic position of the genus 

 Camptoceras, Benson, and Lithotis \apenica, Preston 

 (Mollusca pulmondta). The «mih Camptoceras was 

 ribed b) Benson in 1843 '" include a remarkable 

 fresh-water mollusc hum Rphilkhand ; iwo other 

 species wen described i>\ Blanford in 1X71 from near 



I In genus has mil Keen red'iSi "\ 'red in 



India, hut a species has recently been found in Japan. 

 culars are given as 10 the animal and the radula 

 of this species, and the conclusion is drawn thai the 

 lied i" Planorbis and belongs t" the sub- 

 ordei Basommatophora. The shell, recently described 

 b) IV 'he name Lithotis jqponica. \- shown 



to have no to the 1 ndian spei Les of Lithotis, 



but to be .I"-.' allied to Limine. 1. A new genus is 

 proposed to includi ii and the Sumatran species 

 Liinnaea brevisj Martens. 



BOOKS RECEIVED. 

 Equilibrium and N I v 1. 11. Jones. 



\\ iib aii Aiiah sis of Pal holoj i Oases b) I )r. 1.. 

 Fisher. Pp. sv + 444. (Philadel nd London: 



1. B. Lippincott Co.) 21s. net. 

 The Ledge on Baid Faci 1. C. G. D. 



Pp. 255. I London : Ward, i 

 . net. 



NO. 2553, VOL. I02] 



I i'l tploi alion : I'asi .nid I'res, m . B) 1 )i . 

 W. M. Flindi 1 s PetrLe. IV- vin tr8. (L 1 : < Ion. 



sl.ibli .111. 1 Co., 1 I'l.) 2S. ltd. nit . 



Tri-lingual Vi 1 Hi 1 ) 1 Hi tionai j By ] S H 

 Vol. i., I : . h I talian Pp iii I ion- 



don ' Grifl nd Co., Ltd.) 5s. net. 



i'.\ \\. r. Seabrook. Pp. 



\liii 17.'. 'i don ["he Lot kv d Pi ess 1 1 ' ' 



11. 1 . 



A Bibliographi of Fishes. B3 I'.. Dean. Vol. ii. 

 Enlarged ami edited b) < . R. Eastman. Pp. 702. 

 (New York: Vmerican Museum of Natural I 1 



1 uring 11. 1 Map-reading. By B. C. Wallis. 



Pp. 4S. (London; Macmillan and Co., Lid.) 2s. 



Macinillan's Geographical Exercise Hooks. vii.. 

 Physical Geography, wiih questions. B) 15. C. Wallis.. 

 Pp. 48. (London: Macmillan and Co., Ltd.) 



Annual Chemical Directon of the United 

 Second edition Pp. 534. (Baltimore: Williams and 

 Wilkins ( 'o. I i dollars net. 



Simplified Method of Tracing Ka\s through any 

 Optica! System of Lenses, Prisms, and Mirrors. By 

 Dr. L. Silbersi.in. Pp. ix , 37. (London: Longmans 

 ami ( \t.) 5s. net. 



Differential Lunations. B) Dr. H. Bateman. 

 Pp. \i 1 506. 1 London: Longmans anil Co.) ids. 

 net. 



CONTENTS. page 



The Economy of Nature Si 



Water Supplies for Rural Dwellings 81 



A New Zoological Station 82 



Drugs and their Preparations 83 



Our Bookshelf 83 



Letters to the Editor: — 



The Study of English in Italian Universities. — 



Edward Bullough 84 



The " Salary " of the Lecturer.— Capt. E. R. Marie S4 

 The Arboreal Descent of Man.— Prof. V. Giuffrida- 



Ruggeri S5 



A Curious Rainbow, f Illustrated.)— W. P. H.-S. S5 



German Industry and the War. II. 85 



The War and Psychology By T. H. Pear .... 88 



The Total Solar Eclipse of June 8, 1918 89 



Modern Studies in Schools 90 



Insurance and Annuities for College and University 



Teachers 91 



On Colour Sensitised Plates. By Chapman Jones . 92' 



Notes 93 



Our Astronomical Column : — 



Observations of Solar Prominences 97 



Parallaxes of Helium Stars 97 



Stellar Distances and Spectral Types . 97 



Entomological Research in Australia, by G. H. C. 97 



The Promotion of Textile Industries. By R. H. P. 58 



Irish Sea Plankton 98 



University and Educational Intelligence 99 



Societies and Academies 99 



Books Received 100 



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; 1 and busil > be addressed to the 



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1 'oiumun : ... to the Editor. 



Telegraphit Address: Phusis, London. 

 Telephone Number-: Gerrard S830. 



