January 2. 1919] 



X, ITU RE 



345 



be, that they are indi the known-, and 



thai they interact among themselves according to 

 laws <>i nature. The whole success ol physical 



ice depends upon the justification in experience 

 of this assumption. \\ delimit the subject- 



matter of psychology in any such way. Subjects 

 .1! experii nee cli of objects, md do 



ii"i interact with objects in the way we assume 

 ihat objects interact with one another. I'sycho- 

 logy, therefore, is not one of the sciences in the 

 >< s its own section or has its 

 own department of the general stuff of reality. 

 It deals with the whole of reality, but in a par- 

 ticular aspect and from a particular point of view. 

 I he other fundamental principle on which Dr. 

 Ward insists is closelj allied to this, but 

 still far from receiving general recognition. 

 In psych ire studying the activity 



of monads. The essence of this concept is that 

 every subject of experience mirrors the whole 

 universe from an individual poinl of view. There is 



ommori universe which all subjects of experi- 

 share; the interaction of monads must be 



lined by a different scheme from that which 

 us in physical science. 



Mnl ol this book (chaps, xil.-xviii.) is new- 

 matter which had no place in the original "En- 

 cyclopaedia " article. It is not new to those who 

 have followed the vigorous development of Dr. 

 Ward's thought in his Gifford lectures and occa- 



1 articles, and especially in the striking 

 Henry Sidgwick lecture on "Heredity and 

 Memory " (1913). It is no small compensation 

 for the years during which we have had to resort 

 to a reference library in order to study Dr. Ward's 

 views that we have now- in a single complete 

 volume the gathered fruit of his life-work in its 

 maturity. H. Wildon Carr. 



ORGANIC [ND iPPLIED CHEMISTRY. 

 in The Chemistry 0) Synthetic Drugs. By Dr. 



Percy May. Second edition, revised and en- 

 Pp. xii + 250. (London: Longmans, 

 1. and Co., 1918.) Price 10s. 6d. net. 

 Organic Chemistry for Advanced Students. By 

 Prof. Julius B. Cohen. Second edition. Parti., 

 ions," pp. viii + 366; part ii., "Struc- 

 ture," pp. vii + 435; P arl '»-, "Synthesis," 

 Pf> : vii 578. 1 London: Edward Arnold, 1918.) 

 Price 54s. net. 



I healthy indication of the increased interest 



A which is being taken in applied chemistry that 

 SO much of the literature published at the present 

 lime deals with questions connected with the future 

 nt of chemical industry in this eountrv. 

 It is, of course, well known that at the outset of 

 the war we experienced considerable difficulty in 

 maintaining the supply of many of the synthetic 

 drills which up to Ihat time liad been procured 

 itirely from Germany, and, but for Un- 

 itary work done in many of the educational 

 tones, there would have been no supplies 

 whatever of some of the most valuable local 

 anaesthetics. 



(" ation of the second edition of Dr. 



NO. 2566, VOL. 102] 



May's well-known book is, therefore, to be wel- 

 comed in the hope that it may help to at tract 

 workers to .1 '.ranch of chemistry which has not 

 hitherto received in this country the attention u hieh 

 it merits. The text of the new edition does not 

 differ materially from that of its predecessor, but 

 we note that the chapter on "Organic Antiseptics" 

 now contains a short account of Ehrlich's work 

 on the trypanocidal dyes trypan blue and trypan 

 red, as well as a mention of the flavines and their 

 use in the treatment of wound infections. The 

 inclusion of the chloramines in chap. xii. is also 

 a new feature, and the section on salvarsan and 

 its related compounds has been extended and 

 up to date. 



The book contains much useful and interesting 

 information, and will no doubt continue to 1>. 

 freely consulted by those engaged in the manu- 

 facture of synthetic drugs. 



(2) The publication of the second edition of 

 Prof. Cohen's well-known book, however, serves 

 as a timely reminder that no real progress can 

 be made without a scientific foundation, and that 

 the future of chemical industry is dependent upon 

 the supply of scientifically trained chemists who 

 must be conversant with the fundamental prin- 

 1 iples underlying the modern developments of their 

 Since the publication of the first edition 

 of this book in 1907 it has undoubtedly played a 

 very important r6le in the training of students 

 of chemistry in this country, and has been freely 

 consulted both by students and by their teachers. 

 The present edition has altered somewhat in out- 

 ward form, consisting as it does of three volumes 

 instead of two. The three volumes are devoted 

 to "Reactions," "Structure," and "Synthesis" 

 respectively, and by this arrangement it has been 

 found possible to group together allied subjects 

 and link them, so far as possible, in a consecu- 

 tive form. 



Considerable additions have been made to the 

 subject-matter throughout the book ; thus, for ex- 

 ample, a useful chapter on "Abnormal Reactions " 

 has been added to Part i., while in Part ii. 

 the chapter on "Isomerism and Stereoisomerism " 

 has been considerably improved by the inclusion of 

 an account of recent work on the Walden in- 

 version. The most important additions, however, 

 have been made in Part iii., which deals with 

 "Synthesis"; here we find considerably more 

 space given to the carbohydrates for the discussion 

 of the structure of glucose, the glucosides, and 

 disaccharoscs, as well as the chemistry of fer- 

 mentation. The chapter on "Proteins" now con- 

 tains a section on "Chlorophyll," but, curiously 

 enough, no mention is made in the list of references 

 to Willstatter and Stoll's book on this subject. 

 The chapter on "Alkaloids" has been brought up 

 to date by the inclusion of an account of Perkin's 

 work on cryptopin and protopin, as well as 

 a reference to Robinson's recent svnthesis of 

 tropinone. Considerable additions have also 

 been made to the chapter on "Terpenes and Cam- 

 phors." The new- edition will be welcomed by all 

 serious students of organic chemistry, and its 

 success is assured. 



