TIGER. 383 
little more than a skeleton. During the intervals between his meals, the tiger is 
sluggish and stupid, being with difficulty roused from his slumbers, and when so 
awakened he is dull and indisposed to show fight. 
Although it has been much exaggerated, the strength displayed by a tiger in 
carrying off his prey is enormous. The weight of the ordinary Indian cattle, accord- 
ing to Sir Samuel Baker’s estimate, may be set down roughly at from 350 to 400 Ibs. 
And although it is quite an error to suppose that a tiger can take a carcase of 
that weight and carry it in his mouth without letting any portion of it drag on the 
ground, at least at intervals, yet it 1s quite certain that he can carry it. Thus, Mr. 
Sanderson relates how a powerful tiger had taken up and carried the carcase of a 
bullock through a dense thicket for about three hundred yards; while a smaller 
tigress carried one in open jungle for a shorter distance. As a general rule, however, 
the bodies are dragged along the ground; although this, when the nature of the 
surface in Indian jungles is taken into account, is a sufficiently formidable task. 
Forsyth considered it probable that a cattle-killing tiger destroyed a victim 
about every fifth day; three days being employed in feasting on the carcase and 
resting in the intervals, while during the other two food was not specially sought. 
This, when we remember the number of these animals in certain parts of India, 
will give some idea of the losses they occasion. According to a return issued by 
Government, it appears that in the Madras Presidency, during the quarter ending 
31st December 1891, the number of animals killed by tigers and leopards included 
656 bullocks, 752 cows, 236 calves, 135 buffaloes, 105 sheep, and 103 goats. In 
the returns for all India for one year, during which 1835 cattle were killed, 
the total loss was set down at a little short of 60,000 head, of which 20,000 
were assigned to tigers, and an equal number to leopards. Although the man- 
eating tiger is much more dreaded, the cattle-lfting tiger is regarded with 
supreme indifference by the herdsmen of the districts it infests. “It is no 
uncommon feat,” observes a well-known popular writer, “for a party of jungle 
herdsmen armed only with their iron-bound lathis, or quarter-staves, to boldly show 
fight to the royal robber, and by sheer pluck and gallant daring beat him off from 
some member of their herd that he may have attacked. Too frequently, to be sure, 
some one or more of the number may pay dearly for their temerity, but it is an 
apt illustration of the fact that men get imured to a commonly-incurred danger.” 
Mr. Blanford mentions that he once came across two children, of which the elder 
was not more than eight or nine years of age, who had actually been placed in the 
jungle as a guard over the dead body of a bullock, to protect it from the return visit 
of the tiger by which it had been slain. 
It has been considered that man-eating tigers, which generally belong to the 
female sex, were invariably animals unable to procure other food, from the effects 
of age. Although this is true in a very large number of instances, it appears that 
tigers may take to man-eating from a variety of other causes. Thus either wounds, 
excessive fat, or the fact of a tigress having had to bring up a family of cubs where 
food is scarce, may be the original cause of the adoption of this mode of life. 
According to Mr. Sanderson, all man-eaters were invariably at first cattle-stealers, 
which gradually became accustomed to the sight and presence of man, and thus 
lost their instinctive fear of the human race. When once a tiger has taken to 
