406 CARMIVORES. 
his struggle with the hunters and dogs raised a terrible cry, twice or thrice, to 
express his rage, and perhaps also to give his family the notice of danger.” 
It would seem, therefore, that, although generally a silent creature, the puma 
may on rare occasions—and more especially when wounded—give vent to a ery or 
scream, which is described as being of the most weird and unearthly nature. 
When captured young, pumas thrive well in captivity, and are gentle and 
affectionate in disposition towards human beings, although they but rarely overcome 
their innate antipathy to dogs. If, however, not taken till adult, they appear in all 
cases to pine and languish. Myr. Hudson writes that “the puma is, with the excep- 
tion of some monkeys, the most playful animal in existence. The young of all the 
Felidew spend a large portion of their time in characteristic gambols. The adults, 
however, acquire a grave and dignified demeanour, only the female playing on 
occasions with her offspring, but this she always does with a certain formality of 
manner, as if the relaxation were indulged in not spontaneously but for the sake of 
the young, and as being a necessary part of their education. ... The puma at 
heart is always a kitten, taking unmeasured delight in its frolics; and when, as 
often happens, one lives alone in the desert, it will amuse itself by the hour fighting 
mock battles, or playing at hide-and-seek with imaginary companions, and lying 
in wait and putting all its wonderful strategy in practice to capture a passing 
butterfly. Azara kept a young male for four months, which spent its whole time 
playing with the slaves. This animal, he says, would not refuse any food offered 
to it; but when not hungry it would bury the meat in the sand, and when inclined 
to eat it would dig it up, and, taking it to the water-trough, wash it clean. I have 
only known one puma kept as a pet, and this animal, in seven or eight years, had 
never shown a trace of ill-temper. When approached, he would le down, purring 
loudly, and twist himself about a person’s lees, begging to be caressed. A string or 
handkerchief drawn about was sufficient to keep him in a happy state of excitement 
for an hour, and when one person was tired of playing with him he was ready 
for a game with the next comer.” 
A tame puma, of which the skeleton is now preserved in the Museum of the 
Royal College of Surgeons, was kept as a pet by Edmund Kean, the actor. It would 
follow its master loose, like a dog, and was often brought into his drawing-room 
when visitors were present. Jardine, writing of this animal, states that it was 
extremely gentle and playful, and showed no symptoms of ferocity to the strangers 
who came to see it. Its motions were all free and graceful, and it exhibited the 
greatest agility in leaping and swinging about the joists of a large unoccupied room 
in the old college of Edinburgh. 
Fossil remains of the puma have been found in the superficial deposits of 
several districts in the United States which probably belong to the Pleistocene 
period. It may also be mentioned that fossil bones of the jaguar occur in the 
celebrated caverns of Lagoa Santa, in Brazil, in company with those of a number 
of gigantic extinct Mammals. Both these cats are, therefore, comparatively old 
species. 
