43° 



UNGULATES. 



pig (S. ceramensis) and the Celebes pig (S. celebensis) belong to this group. Lastly, 

 we have the bearded pig (S. barbatus) of Borneo, which is markedly distinct from 

 all the others, having a fringe of long hairs on the cheeks, an extremely elongated 

 skull (shown in the figure on p. 422), and the last molar tooth in the lower jaw 

 relatively short, and of simple structure. The great elongation of the skull is 

 shown by the circumstance that the first cheek-tooth of the upper jaw is separated 

 by a considerable interval from the tusk, whereas in other species the two are 

 placed close together. 



Since there is nothing in the habits of these pigs to distinguish them from the 

 Indian wild pig, we may pass on to the consideration of some of the domesticated 



Harrison pig (^ nat. size). 



Domestic Swine. 



breeds of swine. It may, however, be mentioned that with the exception of the 

 European wild boar, which ranges into Algeria and the adjacent districts, the only 

 typical representative of the genus found in Africa is the Senaar pig (S. senaar- 

 ensis) of the north-eastern regions of that continent. 



Much discussion has taken place as to the origin of the numerous 

 domesticated breeds of swine, and very different views on this subject 

 have been expressed by different writers ; some urging that certain of the earlier 

 races found in Europe had an eastern origin, while others regard the whole of 

 them as descended directly from the European wild boar. The earliest evidence of 

 the existence of domesticated swine in Europe is afforded by remains found on the 

 sites of the prehistoric lake-dwellings of Switzerland. These were regarded by 

 Professor Rutimeyer, of Basle as indicating two distinct breeds — one nearly allied 



