204 UNGULATES. 
the Cape species, but with far longer horns, which did not, however, meet in a 
helmet-like mass on the forehead. In an Algerian specimen the length of the bony 
horn-cores measured along the curve is fully 11 feet, while in one from the Cape 
the length is estimated at upwards of 14 feet. When covered with their horny 
sheaths, the horns would of course be still longer. 
THE INDIAN BUFFALO (Bos bubalus). 
The Indian buffalo, or arna, as the male is called in India, is a very different 
animal in appearance from either of the African species. It is characterised by the 






















































































































































































































THE INDIAN BUFFALO, FERAL RACE (55 nat. size), 
much greater proportionate length of the head, of which the profile is nearly 
straight and the centre of the forehead markedly convex. In the skull the sockets 
of the eyes are very prominent, and the nasal bones are of much greater length 
than in the African species. The ears are also much smaller and less open, 
with only a very slight fringe of hair on their edges. Still more distinctive 
are the horns, which are very long, much flattened, and angulated throughout the 
greater part of their length, with strongly-marked transverse wrinkles, and a 
