134 THE ZOOLOGIST. 



parts suitable to their nesting habits. They leave us about the 

 beginning of October, at "which time the berries of the mountain 

 ash, on which at this season they chiefly feed, begin to fail. 

 Redbreasts and Hedgesparrows are common and resident. A few 

 pairs of Eedstarts, liuticilla phcenicurus, may be seen every sum- 

 mer, principnlly in gardens, and on the outskirts of woods. 

 Wheatears and Whinchats, Pratincola rubetra, are summer visi- 

 tants, and are both very common, the former being the earlier 

 of the two to appear, and found in the rougher parts of the 

 district; while the latter frequents the enclosed fields and pastures. 

 I have never myself observed the Stonechat, Pratincola rnbicola, 

 but I am told on good authority that it is common in Swaledale. 

 Whitethroats, "Willow Wrens, and Chifi'chafi's are common sum- 

 mer migrants, increasing in numbers as you approach Richmond. 

 The Sedge Warbler is not very common, being most abundant near 

 Eichmond. The Lesser Whitethroat, Sijlria cnrnica, Blackcap, 

 and Garden Warbler are all very rare, and none of them, so far 

 as I know, have been observed in the higher parts of the district. 

 The Wood Wren, Phijlloscopiis sihilatrix, is found sparingly in 

 most parts. The Golden-crested Wren, Regulus cristatus, is com- 

 mon in the woods about Marrick, Marske, and along the New 

 Eichmond Eoad. In the higher parts of the valley it is rare. 

 The Wren, TnHilodytes parvulus, is common and resident. The 

 same may be also said of the Great and Blue Titmouse. The 

 Coal and the Marsh Titmouse are resident and generally distri- 

 buted. I have never seen the Long-tailed Titmouse, Acredula 

 rosea, in the higher parts of the district, but it is commonly found 

 nearer Eichmond. 



During the winter of Ib66-G7 numbers of Waxwings, Ampelis 

 garnilits, were observed frequenting the district, and several 

 were shot. The Pied Wagtail is common in summer, but at the 

 approach of winter leaves us for the south. In mild winters, how- 

 ever, I have sometimes seen one or two on the roads searching for 

 food. In the gills and by the rivers, wherever there is anj^ rock, 

 may be found that beautiful and elegant bird the Grey Wagtail, 

 Motacilla mclanope. It is a partial migrant, leaving the hill 

 country for the plains during the winter months, returning early 

 in spring. The Yellow Wagtail, Motacilla Raii, though by 

 no means so numerous as the tw^o former, is a regular summer 

 visitant, chiefly frequenting rough broken pasture land. The Tree 



