dogs: ancient and modern. 407 



Canis ful.vipes.^'fi South America. 



„ braziliensis,* „ 



„ vetulus. ,, 



„ magellanicus.-'- ,, 



„ juhatus.-f 



„ ant.arcticus.-.< Falkland Islands. 



„ australisA- Australia. Dingo. 



The Common Wolf of Europe was, as we all know, once an 

 inhabitant of the British Islands, and was only exterminated 

 with great difficulty after payment of large rewards for its 

 destruction, and burning down whole tracts of the forests which 

 harboured these animals. As I have elsewhere entered very fully 

 into the history of the Wolf in Great Britain,* I need say no 

 moi-e here than refer to the date of its extinction in this country 

 So ar as I have been able to ascertain, it became extinct in 

 England during the reign of Henry VII. ; it survived in Scotland 

 untill743; and the last was killed in Ireland about 1766-70 t 



whether Wolves, Jackals, or Dog-wolves, the list shows the,; 

 geographical distribution, and space will not permit me to enter 

 upon the history of each one of them. I n.ay refer, however, to 

 the Australian Dingo, the last upon the list, because in some 

 respects it is more remarkable than any of the others 



In appeai-ance and colour (a reddish brown) it resembles the 

 mid dogs o India and Sumatra [Cyan primcevus, dukhenensis, and 

 «.,.... but in regard to its cranial characters and dent tion 

 It agrees with the typical Canis, and is perhaps more nearly allied 

 with the In lan Jackal than any other species. It is an anc^n 

 onn and is believed to be indigenous to Australia in consequen e 

 of It remains having been discovered in caverns with the remains 

 of other animals now extinct. I It is thoroughly wild still but 

 (as^ht be expected as a result of colont.at'ion) not "'ear^ 



* ' Extinct British Animals,' pp. 115—205. 



t The evidence which fixes these dates will be found in +l,n , . 

 which I have referred. '° *^^ ^°^^^ ^ 



I Prof. M'Coy states that he has identified remains of fhp "n,-^ ■ , 

 caverns beneath the basalt flows of Mount Mace n alctt^^Sth t '" 

 of an extinct Kangaroo, Afacrojms titan, and recent snecTs ofl^ with those 

 and Hydromys. (Ann. Nat. Hist., 3rd er., ix. p I4I ^yi>^^2>r.nnus 



