18 MR. W. K. PARKER ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF 



behind, broad and obliquely premorse in front. Outside they are overlapped by the long 

 ethmo-palatal style (e.pa), whilst the filiform very elongated mesopterygoid processes 

 (m.pg) nearly reach them behind. Here the " parasphenoidal rostrum " (pa.s) ends, 

 emarginate and toothed, whilst in front the vomerine pieces are tied to the nasal wall by 

 a band of membrane continuous with that which forms a commissure to the two bones. 

 In front of the vomers this membrane thickens at the mid line, being scooped submesially 

 for nerves and vessels. This thick alate tract of fibrous tissue, however, is the symmorph 

 of the cartilaginous mass in Hemilophus (Plate III. fig. 2, I. c) ; and the fibrous bands in 

 which the vomers are developed are the degraded counterparts of the free labial cartilages 

 of the Rhea, the Hemipod, and the " Coracomorph." The whole " ectoethmoid " (p.p) 

 is still soft; but the " trabeculo-palatine " conjugational lobe is marked out (o.u). 



The inbent clinging pterygoids are thoroughly Picine, with their exceedingly large and 

 long mesopterygoid {m.pg), and having no " epipterygoid " spur. They are underbound 

 by the filiform out-turned ends of the palatines (figs. 3 & 4, pa), which are slightly 

 grooved in their gradually broadening wider part. This region forms a very obtuse 

 angle, the Passerine transpalate being quite gone. They differ in this from Picus. 



The interpalatine and ethmo-palatine styles are equally long and slender (i.pa, e.pa) ; 

 and the prsepalatine bar is filiform and of great length. I have not been able to find a 

 " mediopalatine." The mamillaries (mx) have an extremely small palatine lip (mx.p) 

 opposite the thick angular process; the jugal process is very long, and is separate 

 from the jugal (j). The palatine edge of the maxillary is more abortively developed on 

 the left than on the right side ; but the deficiency is supplemented by the palato 

 maxillary ossicle (p.mx). 



A series of sectional views will illustrate the relations of the nasal sacs to the rest of the 

 face. The first of these (Plate IV. fig. 5) is through the body and fore part of the palatine 

 process of the prsemaxillary and the prsenasal cartilage (px, p.px, pn). The next (fig. 6) 

 cuts through the fore part of the alinasal cartilage (al.n), the alinasal turbinal (al.tb), the 

 fore part of the septum with its trabecular base (s. n), and the related parts of the facial 

 bars (n.px, pa, mx, p.px). The next section (fig. 7) shows that the alinasal turbinal 

 (al.tb) is coiled upon itself once and a half, whereas it is scarcely coiled once in 

 Gecinus (Plate I. fig. 7, al.tb). In this section the upper and lateral parts of the prse- 

 maxillary, the maxillaries, the two crura of the nasals, and the prsepalatine bar are cut 

 through : here the septum (s. n) is at its greatest depth. Purther back (fig. 8), behind 

 the maxillary angle, the inferior turbinals have come into view (i. tb). They do not finish 

 one coil, and are scarcely more developed than in Gecinus (Plate II. figs. 7 & 8, i. tb). The 

 " alinasal turbinal " (al. tb) is there also behind its root ; it has lost most of its coil, but 

 has developed an inner outgrowth. This section is through the notched part of the 

 cranio-facial axis. Still further back, behind the alinasal turbinal, and behind the notch, 

 we come to the thick-topped shelving " mesoethmoid " (p.e), with its bony matter; the 

 alse above are the " ali-ethmoids " (al. e). Here on each side of the lower nasal nerves 

 there is a large flap of the nasal floor, which reappears behind. The " ali-ethmoids " grow 

 down and form a subvertical wall, from the lower part of which the posterior extremity 

 of the inferior turbinal is growing. Above this there is a new scroll. All these scrolls 



