OF PREHISTORIC TIMES IN BRITAIN. 253 



keinesweges entschieden. Die Starke, Grosse und Parte des wilden Schweines wurden 

 keiiien TJnterschied machen, da die wilden Thiere starker, grosser, und dunkler gefarbt 

 sind, als die zahmen, aber die grossen Hauer des wilden Ebers scbeinen dock nicbt bloss 

 Vergrosserung zu sein. Die Peltdecke des zahmen Scbweines findet sie niemals aucb 

 bei dem fettesten wilden Scbweine, die gestreifte Parbe des Frischlings ist sogar merk- 

 wiirdig, die Stirn der wilden Schweine ist mehr gewolbt, die Obren sind kurzer, mebr 

 zugerundet, der Riissel langer, andere Verhaltnisse an den innern Theilen zu gescbweigen. 

 Es feblt ganz an Beispielen, dass die Zahmung solcbe Veranderungen hervorgebracht. 

 Vielleicbt stammt das zabme Schwein von einer orientalischen Art ab, welcbe gross aber 

 unschadlich sein soil, und bin und wieder in einigen Reisebeschreibungen erwahnt wird *. 

 Docb erfordert die Sacbe nock eine genauere TJntersuchung. Das siamische Scbwein aus 

 dem ostlichen Asien abstammend, ist obne Zweifel eine besondere Art." 



Precisely the opposite view was beld by Mr. Youatt, who at p. 35 of his work on " The 

 Pig," London, 1847, says, when speaking of the Wild Boar, " no one can for a moment 

 doubt that it is the parent stock from which the domesticated breeds of swine originally 

 sprang." Blasius (Saugethiere, 1857, p. 509), Pr. Cuvier (Hist, des Mamm., 1824), and 

 Giebel (Saugethiere, p. 225, 1859), would I apprehend, agree with the extreme view 

 enunciated by Mr. Youatt. An intermediate view is put forward by Rlitimeyer in his 

 inestimable work, ' Die Pauna der Pfahlbauten,' pp. 186-190 : according to him, what, 

 owing to the slow spread in Germany of improved breeds, may still be called das gemeine 

 Sausschwein, has originated from Sus scrofa, Y&r.ferus ; whilst the Berkshire breeds, he 

 thinks, may owe their origin to Sus celebensis ; and his Sus scrofa, var. palustris, " das 

 Torfschwein," a domestic pig known as " das Bundtner Schwein," and Sus indicus may 

 represent a distinct stock, if not species. Nathusius, in his ' Schweineschadel,' p. 175, 

 agrees with Riitimeyer as to the origin of the large-eared race common in Central Europe, 

 but suggests Sus vittatus, of the islands of Java, Borneo, Amboyna, and Batchian, as the 

 parent stock of the widely spread domestic breed known as Sus indicus. In this latter point 

 he agrees with S. Muller. Pitzinger (I. c.) differs from Nathusius in supposing, without, 

 perhaps, adequate reasons, Sus leucomystax to be the parent stock of the Chinese, Cape, 

 Portuguese, and Cleveland breeds, whilst Sus cristatus, the Wild Pig of Hindostan, he 

 suggests as the parent stock of the Siamese and Sardinian races. Temminck (' Pauna 

 Japonica,' p. 57, pi. xx., eit. Nathusius, I. c. p. 167) suggests that Sus leucomystax may 

 be the parent of the domestic Sus indicus ; and though Nathusius, p. 167, demurs to 

 the enunciation of this statement as being definitely proved, his objection amounts to 

 little more than saying that Sus leucomystax is probably not specifically distinct from 

 Sus vittatus, which Nathusius himself holds to be the parent stock of Sus indicus. 



My own views, as based upon the data available to me, are to the following effect : — 

 The prehistoric domestic swine which have come into my hands appear to me to be more 

 nearly affined to Sus scrofa than to any of the Asiatic wild swine with which I am 

 acquainted ; secondly, without wishing to affirm absolutely that too much weight has 

 been laid by Nathusius upon the shortness of the lacrymal for differentiating Sus indicus, 

 as we ,now see it, from Sus scrofa and its progeny, I am inclined to think that sub- 



* Otter, Voyage en Persie, t. i. p. 207. D. Maillet, Description de l'Egypte, t. ii. p. 176. 



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