60 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
Taking the several dilatations separately, we get the following relative 
proportions :—I1st. The upper dilatation, which is situated almost imme- 
diately below the rima glottis, is in the Velvet Scoter little greater in 
circumference than the trachea, whereas in the Surf Scoter the lower edge 
bulges distinctly beyond the trachea both at the sides and in front; in both 
the back of the dilatation is in the same straight line as the trachea, and 
the tracheal rings can be distinctly seen all down the back of the dilatation. 
Velvet. Surf. 
PIGME ese ga eee ky ie SE § inch. 
WEE ROSE Tee ee UE aS MN te eats 
From before backwards . . . . 4} 4, t+ 
The bulb.—This in the Velvet Scoter is a trifle longer and narrower than 
in the Surf Scoter; and whereas it is flat behind and slightly convex in 
front, in the Surf Scoter is markedly concave, from side to side behind, and 
very convex anteriorly, seeming almost as if divided into a central lobe with 
one lateral one on each side. 
Velvet. Surf. 
Lengthincentre. . ... . . inch. § inch. 
Wadi SAS el ae ae Le 1b 
From before backwards . ... #4 5 t » 
The lower dilatation, which is situated just at the bifurcation of the trachea 
into the two bronchi, is wider and shorter in the Velvet than in the Surf 
Scoter, and, when viewed from behind, seems almost to bifurcate in the 
former ; but in the latter the edge is nearly straight. 
Velvet. Surf. 
Length incentre. . .. . . . finch. f, inch. 
WIAD NS PRES ask olde TY 19 45 
From before backwards .... & 4 & oo» 
By these measurements it will be seen that the most marked differences in 
the two tracheas are to be found in the relative shapes of the dilatations at 
the commencement and termination of the trachea, and of the bulb; and 
the great difference in the length of trachea below the bulb, there being 
twenty-five tracheal rings in this situation in the Velvet, and only seven in 
the Surf Scoter. There is one other differerence I would point out, and 
that is a very marked one: it lies in the pair of muscles which are attached 
to the lower part of the bulb; in the Velvet Scoter they are long and 
attenuated, measuring only one-sixteenth of an inch in breadth; but in the 
Surf Scoter they are short and strong, measuring five-sixteenths of an inch 
in breadth. Messrs. Pratt & Son have set up the bird in their usual 
correct style. I also have to record the capture of a Lapland Bunting on 
October 31st, and of a Cirl Bunting about a week before; both were taken 
at Portobello, a coastguard station a few miles to the east of Brighton.— 
Hersert Laneton (Brighton and Hove Dispensary). 
iis 
