LAND AND FRESH-WATER SHELLS. 245 
as in 1879 Mr. Hey wrote that the typical form was rare, but 
occurred near Heslington, while at the present time he says, 
“T am surprised to find the typical H. nemoralis is quite common 
near York now, as I never could find it before last year.”” Abounds 
on the Heworth and Bishopthorpe roads (H.) 
Helix hortensis.—I am quite convinced that this species and 
the last should be looked upon as distinct. It is far more 
abundant in the York district than H. nemoralis, and here I have 
always found them living distinct, though in most of the localities 
that I am acquainted with in Essex or Sussex, where I have found 
one I have found both, and generally mixed with the hybrid form, 
nowithstanding what Mr. Jeffreys states to the contrary. It 
has a greater propensity for ascending to the topmost boughs of 
hedges; in fact, throughout the district, hedges seem to be its 
abode rather than the ground. It commences the ascent early in 
April, descending again to hybernate for the winter about the 
middle of October, when most of the specimens have acquired a 
very bleached appearance and some are almost white. I have also 
a young specimen that is white with only a slight tinge of yellow. 
It abounds everywhere, but in greatest numbers in the roadside- 
hedges between Askham and York, particularly near Dringhouses. 
The hybrid form is rare, but has been obtained at Hobmoor and 
at Clifton among hortensis, also at Acomb years ago (‘ Observer’). 
Mr. Hey says, ‘“‘In Skelton lane, near York, H. hortensis abounds, 
but hybrida is mixed with it. The same mixture occurs at Ful- 
ford.” Inthe hedges beside the footpath leading from St. Mary’s, 
York, to the Scarborough railway-bridge Helix hortensis lives, 
and from among them Mr. Richardson and I have, at various 
times, obtained about twenty-five specimens which can only be 
referred to hybrida, as they have the pink lip unmistakably; but, 
instead of being yellow or pinkish, as that form is said to be, 
these were of a dark brown chocolate colour. 
Var. minor.—A much smaller form which is sometimes found 
among the rest. 
Var. conoidea.—Two or three specimens have been found here 
and there. 
Helix arbustorum.—Rare as a general rule. Found at Acomb 
and about Clifton, but scarce, and the same may be said of 
Askham and Castle Howard. Near Hobmoor (B.) Common and 
fine at Fulford (H, & R.) On September 28th, 1877, I happened 
