NOTICES OF NEW BOOKS. 351 
area between Norway and the shores of Iceland, where the 
marine fauna is less rich, perhaps, than in some localities farther 
north. In the summer of 1877, when the results were somewhat 
greater, the operations were carried on in shallow water, partly on 
the banks off the Norwegian coast, and partly in the neighbourhood 
' of Jan Mayen Island. 
The ichthyological results from the first two voyages having 
thus proved less satisfactory than was anticipated, especial care 
was taken, when fitting out the Expedition for the final voyage in 
1878, to provide apparatus which should be adapted for securing 
not only the various species of invertebrate animals which might 
be met with, but also the deep-sea fishes which there was reason 
to believe would be found, were suitable apparatus employed for 
taking them. A special form of trawl-net was therefore con- 
structed, and, in localities where it could properly be worked, 
was employed with considerable success. Mr. Collett reports 
that fishes were brought up at well-nigh every haul, sometimes 
only two or three perhaps, but more frequently a larger number ; 
the net being worked at various depths down to 1400 fathoms. 
The region investigated in 1878 comprised, southward, the 
tract between Hammerfest and the Varanger Fjord, eastward and 
westward the expanse of ocean stretching towards Novaja Zemlia 
and Jan Mayen, and northward that extending to the north- 
western extremity of Spitzbergen. 
The number of species collected on this the final voyage 
amounted in all to thirty-three, of which six proved to be new to 
Science. Of the eleven species obtained on the two preceding 
voyages, ten were again met with, including a new Species of 
Lycodes, i.e., L. murena. Several representatives of this genus 
were unexpectedly found to occur at considerable depths. Lycodes 
Jrigidus, for example, one of the newly-described species, was 
brought up from depths varying from 600 to 1300 fathoms, and 
almost exclusively in spots where the temperature of the water 
was below zero. 
The seven species regarded by Mr. Collett as new are Raia 
hyperborea, Liparis bathybii, Lycodes Srigidus, Lycodes pallidus, 
Lycodes liitkeni, Lycodes murena, and Lthodichthys regina, the 
last mentioned representing a new genus. 
The Expedition has thus brought to light seven new species 
and one new genus, all of them true forms of deep-sea fishes. 
