370 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
[Carduelis elegans (Steph.), Goldfinch.—Commonly imported as a cage- 
bird, and specimens, which have probably escaped from confinement, have 
not unfrequently been taken in Massachusetts (J. A. Allen, Bull. Nutt. Orn. 
Club, vol. v. p. 120). Mr. Allen saw one at Cambridge, Massachusetts, 
Feb. 28, 1865 (J. A. Allen, Am. Nat., vol. iii., p. 635). It has occurred 
near Boston, Massachusetts (Brewer, Proc. Bost. Soc. N. Hist., xx., 1879, 
p- 271).] 
[Serinus meridionalis (Brehm.), Serin Finch. — One was taken at 
Springfield, Massachusetts, in November (J. A. Allen, Am. Nat., iii., 
p. 635).] 
[Ligurinus chloris(Linu.), Greenfinch.—A male of this species was taken 
March 19th, 1878, at Lowville, Lewis County, New York (R. B. Hough, 
Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vol. v., p. 119). This was also probably an escaped 
bird. ] 
[Passer domesticus (Linn.), House Sparrow.—First introduced into North 
America at Portland, Maine, in 1858 (Baird, Brewer, and Ridgway, Hist. 
N. Am. B., vol. i. p. 526). It has overrun the entire eastern province from 
the Atlantic coast to the Missouri, and south nearly or quite to the Gulf, 
but it is most abundant in the Northern States. It is equally abundant in 
the Missouri Valley and in the Atlantic States, but is, of course, more so 
in some localities than in others. Apparently not yet introduced into 
California or other parts of the West (Ridgway, in lit.). In the vicinity of 
all the larger cities, Passer domesticus far outnumbers all the native birds 
taken collectively. It is common also at Salt Lake City, Utah, and at 
St. Louis, Missouri (Allen, in lit.). I have found it abundant in all the 
cities of the East, from Montreal, Canada, to Richmond, Virginia; but it 
does not seem to spread much into the surrounding country. Said to have 
been established in the Babama Islands, but Mr. Corry says that he has 
not seen it there (‘ Birds of the Bahama Islands,’ p. 89).] 
[Passer montanus (Linn.), Tree Sparrow.—Naturalised at St. Louis; 
Missouri, previous to the introduction there of P. domesticus, an interesting 
account of which is given by Mr. Widman (Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, vol. v. 
p. 191). As yet reported only from the immediate vicinity of St. Louis 
(Ridgway and Allen, in lit.).] 
[Alauda arvensis (Linn.), Sky Laik.—Introduced and apparently esta- 
blished in several localities, as on Long Island, and the vicinity of Cincinnati 
(Ridgway, in lit.). One was shot, June 12, 1850, on the north shore of 
of Hamilton, Bermuda, by Mr. Hurdis (Jones, ‘ Naturalist in Bermuda,’ 
p- 30). Probably this was au escaped bird. Note.—Mr. Dresser, in his 
‘Birds of Europe,’ says it occasionally visits Greenland, but Professor 
Reinhardt tells me, “I never heard of any instance at all, and I do 
not kuow on what authority the bird is said to be an ‘occasional visitor. 
I suppose an error.” 
