160 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
In the second place, such advances in vertebrate taxonomy as 
are due to the investigations of English naturalists are quite 
neglected ; among the Fishes, no notice is taken of Prof. Huxley’s 
researches on the mode of: articulation of the lower jaw, or of 
Prof. Bridge’s classification of the Ganoidei. Among Birds, we 
look in vain for any notice of Huxley’s researches on the value of 
the palatal bones as our aid to classification, or of Garrod’s studies 
on the muscles. Among Mammals, the remarkable results of 
Balfour on the mode of formation of the placenta, and the studies 
of Turner, which have given a death-blow to the “ placental 
classification” of Mammals, are quite neglected ; notwithstanding 
the labours of Prof. Flower, Tragulus still figures in the family 
Moschide, and no notice is taken of his classification of the 
Carnivora. There is no need to continue a line of criticism 
along which there is much more to be said. 
Finally, there are too many of what in an examination- 
paper we should have to call blunders; fossil Monotremes have 
been known since 1868, and the editor might have added a 
reference to Sir Richard Owen’s lately published paper in the 
‘Philosophical Transactions.’ What we should some months 
ago have called a blunder, namely, the statement that many 
Marsupials live in islands of the Pacific Ocean, we can now 
explain ; the Germans have not only seized on New Guinea, but, 
in deference to the feelings of the Australians, they have moved 
it several hundred miles eastward. Man is not the only animal 
that has a chin; the Hoolock Gibbon, as Mr. Mivart has pointed 
out, has one also. Rathke, Hoffmann, and Gegenbaur have shown 
that the so-called abdominal sternum of Crocodiles does not 
consist of ribs. 
It will be seen, then, that there is some reason for the 
judgment we have given; whether the value of the greater part of 
the book does not outweigh the incompleteness of the account of 
the Vertebrata is a point on which our readers are now sufficiently 
informed to be able to pass judgment for themselves. For 
ourselves, we must say that it is, on the whole, a better text-book 
of Zoology than we have yet in English; we will not say that 
“it is the best manual of Zoology yet published, not merely in 
England, but in Europe,” for this has already been said of Prof. 
Nicholson’s manual, and is not, therefore, a compliment that 
Prof. Claus would care to have paid him. 
