868 THE ZOOLOGIST. 
dogs are not apt for the same use; or when with hunger they 
are constrained for lack of other vituals, they eate them, so that 
they are as needful for them in respect of their bignesse as our 
oxen are for us.’’* 
Regarding the Eskimo Dog, Richardson remarks in his 
‘Fauna Boreali-Americana’ (p. 75):—‘‘ The great resemblance 
which the domestic dogs of the Aboriginal tribes of America 
bear to the wolves of the same country was remarked by the 
earliest settlers from Europe (Smith’s ‘ Virginia’), and has 
induced some naturalists of much observation to consider them 
to be nearly half-tamed wolves (Kalm.). 
“Without entering at all into the question of the origin of 
the domestic dog, I may state that the resemblance between the 
wolves and the dogs of those Indian nations who still preserve 
their ancient mode of life continues to be very remarkable, and 
it is nowhere more so than at the very northern extremity of the 
Continent, the Esquimo dogs being not only extremely like the 
gray wolves of the Arctic circle in form and colour, but also 
nearly equalling them in size. The dog has generally a shorter 
tail than the wolf, and carries it more frequently curled over the 
hip, but the latter practice is not totally unknown to the 
wolf. ... I have, however, seen a family of wolves, playing 
together, occasionally carry their tail curled upwards.” 
The Hare Indian Dog is also supposed to be a domesticated 
race of the Prairie Dog, as shown by the following extract from 
Richardson’s ‘ Fauna Boreali-Americana’ :— 
“Canis familiaris var. C. lagopus. Hare Indian Dog.—This 
variety of dog is cultivated at present, so far as I know, only by 
the Hare Indians and other tribes that frequent the border of 
Great Bear Lake and the banks of the Mackenzie. It is used by 
them solely in the chase, being too small to be useful as a beast 
of burden or draught.” It is smaller than the Prairie Wolf. 
‘On comparing live specimens I could detect no marked 
difference in form (except the smallness of its cranium), nor in 
fineness of the fur and arrangement of its spots of colour..... 
It in fact bears the same relation to the prairie wolf that the 
Esquimo dog does to the great gray wolf.” 
* The second voyage of Master Martin Frobisher, 1577. Written by 
Master Dionice Settle, ‘ Hakluyt’s Voyages,’ vol. iii., p. 62 (1810). 
