NOTICES OF NEW BOOKS. 389 



many conspicuous species of Algae which might otherwise be 

 fully expected to occur. 



"The Scenery of Norfolk" and "Additional Notes on its 

 Springs and Spas" are the titles of two papers by Mr. H. B. 

 Woodward, in the former of which, extending over twenty-six 

 pages, the writer considers — (1) the geological influences which 

 have affected the form of the ground ; (2) the physical geography, 

 including the modifying influences of rain, rivers, and sea on the 

 land in recent times, and the introductions of the forms of life, 

 without which the scenery would be bare and uninteresting ; and 

 (3) the artificial features of the country consequent upon the 

 changes wrought by man in all directions. To zoologists this 

 paper will be interesting for the notice which it contains of the 

 extinct animals of Norfolk, and to the former denizens of the 

 great forest, chiefly of firs and yews, which at one time covered 

 a large portion of the area of the North Sea. The Bear, the 

 Glutton, man}' remarkable Deer, the Rhinoceros, Hippopotamus, 

 Beaver, two (if not three) species of Elephant, and other mammals, 

 have left their remains, says Mr. Woodward, to tell the tale of 

 the former inhabitants of the Pleiocene period. 



Of l'ecent and existing mammals Mr. Southwell is the chronicler 

 in the current number of the Norfolk ' Transactions.' In a paper 

 on the Beaked or Bottle-nosed Whale (pp. 476—481) he shows 

 that Hyperoodon latifrons, Gray, is identical with H. rostratus, the 

 commonest of the three species of ziphioid Whales which have 

 been met with in British seas. Capt. Gray, who has had great 

 experience as a whaler of these animals, and who, in 1882, killed 

 no less than 203 of them, is of opinion that the great differences 

 observable in the skull and external appearance of these whales 

 are sexual, and are gradually assumed as maturity is reached. 

 They are very difficult to kill, and dangerous to approach without 

 great caution when wounded ; and Capt. Gray has known them 

 to run out 700 fathoms of line, and to remain under water for two 

 hours. After this salmon-fishing would seem child's play ! 



In another paper contributed by Mr. Southwell (pp.482 — 503) 

 will be found an interesting account of the operations of the 

 sealers in Greenland, with statistics concerning the past and 

 present distribution of the northern Seals, and some notice of 

 their habits. The five species of Seal chiefly hunted in the 

 northern seas are the Common Seal, the Ringed, the Greenland 



